:

. . . .
. . . . . .


.
* .
*
* .
.
*
* .
.
*
.
* .
*



21
.

" "
" "
" "


""
. :

-
footprint ecological

)
(


Long-term
building values


- -
) % (
) % (
.

....

.
.
.

.
.
.


) ( . CO2
* ) (
.
*) (
.


* .
.
* . .
* . .
* . .
* .
.

 )(

)) Commerzbank

 ....
* .
* .
* ) ( .
* ) (radiators .
* .
* ) (%30 -25 .

:


.

..

) 1.776(

) 1 (
)(%20
.


.

1.200
2.6 /
%20





.

*1 .
*2
.
*3 1 .
*4 .


(Conde
)Nast

.
) 400 (

) (%5
.
.
.
) 15
( .
. .
) (%40-35 .


*
.
* .
, , ,
.
*
, , .
* .



20
.

, ,
.

* .
*

 )
(

:







.
.

.



.

.

....

* .
* .
* )( .

* .


) ( .
# 1981 ) 1985 (

.

.

.
)( American Telephone & Telegraph Corporation

....
.

.
* .

.
* .
) Building Automation
( systems

Keypad Entry
Systems

) Fingers scan
Hand geometry
Iris scan Signature
( recognition

(1 ) (
(2 ) (
(3
(4
(5

) (

(

(etfe
)

)


(
)


-1 ((Adrian D. Smith 19
1944
:




( Gordon
Gill

-2

)


.

Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill
Architecture ) )AS+GG


Pearl River Tower
) (
2011
) ( Zhujiang
)Adrian Smith +
(Gordon
21




) (Mile High Tower Adrian
Smith + Gordon

.2018

17 2007

.
,


(Conde
)Nast

48

) (

)(

.

)(

20
.

21
.

, .
,
.

.
.

""

.

*
.
*
.

* ) (
. CO2
* ) (

.

)(

*) (

.





.




.

.
* .
* .
* )(
.
* (*).

.
.
.
.
.

....

)(

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .

* .


www.Wikipedia.com
www.wikiarquitectura.com
www.archdaily.com
www.arch2o.com
www.archrecord.construction.com
www.archizine.com
www.architectmagazine.com
www.greatbuildings.com
www.arcat.com
www.dezeen.com

( )
( )