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Introduction to

Engineering Drawings
By: Chris Vandelaar
University Machine Services
TEB Rm. 50
Resources:
Doug Phillips Previous MME259A
presentation
Interpreting Engineering Drawings
3rd edition by Jensen & Hines

Engineering Drawings:
The language of manufacturing
How we communicate our
intentions as designers
Convey all necessary information
to get things made,
manufactured, modified,
assembled

Engineering Drawings:

Can be quite simple

Hydraulic Piston - Simple Part?

Engineering Drawings:

Can be complex

Engineering Drawings:
Contain only pertinent information
To ensure all engineering specifications
and requirements are met

What is pertinent

Form shape of the part


Geometry acceptable deviation from form
Dimensions sizes of forms and shapes
Tolerances acceptable deviation from
dimensions
Surface finish and or treatment
Other General information - notes

Pertinent information???
Form:
Shown with pictures
Orthographic projection
Orthographic views

This shows: Third Angle


Projection

Projection Standard is communicated


by Simple Projection Symbols

First Angle Projection: ISO/Europe


Like rolling the part on a table
Third Angle Projection: North
America
Like walking around the part

Projection Symbols:
The very first thing a manufacturer looks
for.

EXTREMELY IMPORTANT!

Orthographic Views
Sometimes cant show everything

Additional Views may be


required

Additional Views Include:


Section Views
Cut-away Views
Broken Views
Revolved Section Views
Not as common

Section view shows part form


along specified line(s) SECTION
LINE (dashed)

Cut-away View
shows part form behind front
face

Break Views:
Allow use of larger scale for larger
parts
Smaller drawings

Break View for long parts


Break Lines
Shorten views to
better fit the page

Notice Important Features of Break View:


Instance numbers-Indicate number of spaces and holes
Break line in overall length dimension Indicates the presence
of a break view

Revolved Section Views


Show profile forms

Difficult to do
using solidworks
Not very common
these days

Engineering Drawings:
Contain only pertinent information
Pictures
Orthographic and alternate views
Lines Different lines mean different
things

Line Types
Object Lines Show Part Geometry or
Form
Visible (Solid Lines)
Illustrate external features and outlines
As if looking at the part

Hidden (Dashed Lines)


Illustrate anything behind the front face of the view
As if looking through the part

Phantom
Show non existent/alternate parts or features

Object and Hidden Lines

Phantom Lines:

Line Types
Object Lines Show Part Geometry or
Form
Visible (Solid Lines)
Hidden (Dashed Lines)
Phantom (Dotted or short /long dash lines)

Reference Lines Show references


Center Lines Long/short dash (alternating)
Section Lines indicate views (short dash)

Reference Lines:

Line Types: Review

Engineering Drawings:
Pertinent information
Pictures
Orthographic views
Lines Different types
Dimensions Show feature sizes

Dimension Types:
Standard - incremental
Base Line absolute
Ordinate absolute

Incremental: point to point one


position to the next
Absolute: reference one single point
(DATUM)

Dimension Types: ANSI Standards shown

Standard
Incremental

Ordinate
Absolute

Baseline Ordinate
Absolute

Other Dimensioning:

Simple holes
(mm)

More complex holes


(SAE Inches)

Other Dimensioning:

Engineering Drawings:
Pertinent information
Pictures
Orthographic and alternate views
Lines Different types
Dimensions Show feature sizes
Tolerances Allowable deviation from size

Tolerance Types:
Basic standard tolerance from title block
Bilateral shows allowable deviation from
nominal above or below
Limit gives two dimensions anything in
between accepted
Symmetric gives one tolerance above or
below nominal
Min/Max anything over or under
Fits alone, with, or without tolerance
References standard Engineering fits

Standard Fits:

Engineering Drawings:
Pertinent information
Pictures
Orthographic and alternate views
Lines Different types
Dimensions Show feature sizes
Geometric Dimensioning and tolerancing
(GD&T)

Geometric
Dimensioning and
Tolerancing:

GD&T
The allowable deviation
from nominal form

GD&T Uses:
1.Datum point of reference
Face, Edge or Hole

2.Symbol type of deviation


3.Tolerance allowable variation
Given as distance

Example of Geometric tolerance:

Example of Geometric tolerance: Labelled

GD&T uses symbols to communicate geometric specifications

Which area of this block is


out of tolerance?

GD&T is the only way to


guarantee correct form
Dimensions only
guarantee size

Drawing views:
Contain some or all of the following:
1.Dimensions
2.Tolerances
3.Geometric Tolerancing
4.Surface finish information
5.Allowable tool mark information

Drawings Contain:
1.Drawing Templates or Borders
2.Drawing Views
3.Title Block
4.Revision Block
5.Notes special or standard

Title Blocks:
Can vary in:
Size
Content
Location

TITLE BLOCKS :
Contain any information that cannot be
communicated through orthographic views and
dimensions.
Examples: (not limited)
Part materials
Part quantities
Authors supervisors inspectors
Inspection information/standard
Finishing info Painting, anodizing, heat treating
Customer info
Company Info

Special Notes:
Can be located anywhere on the drawing In title block or specific views.
Some times drawing views have notes that simply say, SEE NOTE #
referring to standard notes in the notes field.
Examples:
1.See Note #? (in drawing pain)
2.Supplier info (notes field)
3.Clearance hole only (in drawing pain view attached to dimension)
4.Remove all sharp edges unless specified (Notes field)
5.Part to be painted as per manufacturers instruction and specification (notes
field)
6.Surface treatments as per ASTM standard - - - - (notes field)
7.Any information at all required to achieve design intention.

FOR NON-STANDARD INFORMATION

THE END
Introduction to
Engineering Drawings
By: Chris Vandelaar
University Machine Services
TEB Rm. 50
Resources:
Doug Phillips Previous MME259A presentation
Interpreting Engineering Drawings
3rd edition by Jensen & Hines

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