Livestock and Poultry

Sectors in Pakistan
Dr. M. Afzal
Chairman
Pakistan Agricultural Research
Council
Islamabad

Livestock in national economy

Livestock in Pak GDP 11.4 %

Share in agri. GDP
53.2 %
Livestock in export
8.5 %
Dependent families > 8.5 m
Provides raw material for industry
Social security for rural poor
Security against crop failure in barani
areas

Livestock Population
(Million Heads)
Province
Cattle Buffalo
Pakistan (2006)
Pakistan (2010)
1.0

29.6
34.3

Sheep
27.3
30.8

Goat

Camel

26.5
53.8
0.9
27.8
59.9

Per cent distribution

Khyber Phakhtunkhaw 20
Punjab
49
Sindh
23
Balochistan
8

65
27
1

7
24
15
48

13
37
23
22

18
22
30
41

Economic Survey (2009-10)

Livestock Census (2006)

Livestock Population Trend

Number of households reporting livestock

(2006)

Million Households

Herd
Size

Cattle

Buffalo

Flock
Size

Sheep

Goat

1-6

5.204
(84.1)

5.001
(83.4)

1-30

1.390
(88.9)

6.576
(96.7)

7-15

0.826
(13.3)

0.843
(14.1)

31-75

0.119
(7.6)

0.173
(2.5)

16-50

0.140
(2.3)

0.140
(2.3)

76-350

0.050
(3.2)

0.049
(0.7)

> 50

0.018
(0.3)

0.012
(0.2)

> 350

0.005
(0.3)

0.004
(0.1)

Total

6.188
(100)

5.996
(100)

Total

1.564
(100)

6.802
(100)

Values in parentheses indicate %age

Herd Size Profile in Pakistan

(2006)
Million animals

Herd
Size

Cattle

Buffalo

Flock
Size

Sheep

Goat

1-6

14.9
(50.3)

14.4
(52.7)

1-30

9.9
(37.4)

36.2
(67.3)

7-15

7.7
(26.1)

7.8
(28.6)

31-75

5.5
(20.8)

7.8
(14.5)

16-50

3.3
(11.1)

3.2
(11.7)

76-350

6.9
(26.0)

6.5
(12.1)

> 50

3.7
(12.5)

1.9
(7.0)

> 350

4.2
(15.8)

3.3
(6.1)

Total

29.6
(100)

27.3
(100)

Total

26.5
(100)

53.8
(100)

Values in parentheses indicate %age

Livestock Production Systems

Cattle and Buffaloes

- Rural Subsistence Small Holdings

- Rural Market Oriented Small Holdings
- Rural Commercial Farming
- Peri-urban/Urban Commercial Dairying
- Desert Cattle Farming
- Corporate Dairy Farming

Sheep and Goats

- Nomadic
- Transhumant
- Sedentary / Household

Poultry

- Rural (range) Poultry

- Intensive Poultry

Traditional Rural Poultry

Almost every rural household and some urban
households raise poultry
Poultry Population
73.65 million
Contribution to egg production 41.6%
Contribution to meat production 24.3%
Breeds: 3 local, 2 imported
Hatching: Brooding hens
Feeding: Scavengers
Important Diseases: Newcastle disease, Fowl
cholera, Fowl pox
Census 2006

Intensive (Commercial) Poultry

History

1963-65
Beginning of commercial poultry
1970s Broiler and layer farms
1980s Breeders farms, chick quality improvement
1990s Grand parents, better management
2000s Environmentally controlled housing,
Processing and value chain

Status

Share in poultry meat

75.7 %
Share in eggs 58.4 %
Grand parents
5 companies
Breeders
6.8 million
Layers 25 million
Broilers
434 million
Farms 25,897
Hatcheries
305
Feed Mills
154

Dairy Sub-sector
Total milk production (09-10)
tons
Milk market

36.299 m

Producers (self or direct selling)

68.0 %
Informal market (Gawala operated)
28.5 %
Formal dairy industry
3.5 %

Dairy industry
25 out of 49 dairy plants are operational
Main players are Nestle, Engro, Haleeb,
Shakargang, Millac
Main products are UHT and Pasteurized milk, Milk
powder, Yougurt, Cream, Cheese, etc.
3.0 million litres per day being procurement
Rs 63 million daily going to rural economy

Meat Sub-sector
Total meat production (09-10)
2.965 million tons
Beef Production
1.655 million tons
Mutton Production
0.603 million tons
Poultry Meat
0.707 million tons
Meat market
Butchers operated shops, many slaughter at shops
Main players at slaughter house are Arties
Mainly fresh meat selling
A few chilled meat selling modern butcheries
started
Meat industry
80 % slaughtering done outside out side
slaughterhouses
Local governments own and operate slaughter
houses, generally rated as unhygienic
11 private sector slaughter houses registered by
Animal Quarantine Department and importing
countries
Total export is < 0.6 percent of the production
46 casing factories processing guts for export

Roles in Livestock
Development

Federal
National policies, planning & economic coordination
Import/export of animals and animal products and
animal quarantine
Research and international coordination
Catalyst for livestock development
Provincial
Livestock Development
Veterinary Vaccine Production
Disease surveillance and reporting
Livestock research
Livestock production and health education
Milk and meat quality
District
Veterinary Health service (Preventive & Curative)
Breeding services (Artificial insemination)
Animal slaughtering
Livestock Markets

Veterinary Institutions in Pakistan

Regio
n

Vet
Res/Vac
facult Inst.
y

Hospita Dispen Vet.

Lab
l
saries Centres s

Punja
b

530

1213

1713

28

Sindh

119

60

608

NWFP

98

363

218

Baloch
.

116

783

15

AJK

59

66

129

NA

12

165

FATA

25

212

207

ICT

11

963

2869

2875

72

Total

Production Institutions in Pakistan

Regio
n

Teach Researc Tech

facult h
Trg
y
Institut Ins
e

SP + AI
centres

Farm
(L+P)

Ext
Centr
e

Punja
b

6+835

22+9

Sindh

2+76

5+14

KPK

3+331*

5+3

Baloch
.

1+64

14+1
8

AJK

38

1+4

184

NA

1+4

FATA

1+118

+1

ICT

+11

10

13+147

48+5

185

Total

Livestock Development Constraints

Inadequate feed resources (short by 30%)
Widespread breeding of genetically inferior
livestock
Epidemics of infectious diseases
Poor marketing infrastructure
Inadequate institutional infrastructure
Outdated regulatory framework
Limited credit availability to the livestock farmers
(1/10 of agricultural credit)
Low investment by government

Livestock Development Policy

Vision
Promoting livestock to provide safe and quality
products at competitive prices, covering entire
value chain with focus on market and poverty
reduction

Policy
Private sector led development with public sector
providing enabling environment

Strategy
Private sector led
Increase in productivity
Moving from subsistence farming to marketoriented and commercial farming
Covering entire value chain

Poultry Development Policy

Vision
Supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs and
value added products to the domestic and
international markets at competitive prices
Policy
Facilitate and support private sector-led
development for sustainable poultry products
Strategy
Hi-tech intensive poultry production
Processing and value addition
Improving bio-security
Disease control and genetic improvement in
rural poultry