Philosophy gives direction to the

curriculum in terms of its goals and

objectives; the schools underlying
beliefs and values have impact on
curriculum content and choice of
appropriate instructional strategies
and
learning
activities
in
implementing the curriculum.

Suggestions
from subject
specialists

Studies
of
Learners

SCHOOL
PURPOSES

Use of
Philosophy

Studies of
Contemporary
life

Use of
Psychology
Of Learning

Tylers View of Philosophy in Relation to school purposes

 Philosophy provides educators,

teachers and curriculum makers with
framework for planning, implementing
and evaluating curriculum in schools. It
helps in answering what schools are for,
what subjects are important, how
students should learn and what materials
and methods should be used.

PERENNIALISM

IDEALISM

REALISM

EXPERIMENTALISM

EXISTENTIALISM

Reality
Ontology

A world of
reason and
God

A world of
things

A world of
things

A world of
experience

A world of
existing

Truth

Reason and
revelation

Consistency of
ideas

Correspondenc
e and sensation
(as we see it)

What works
What is

Personal,
subjective
choice

Goodness
Axiology

Rationality

Imitation of ideal Laws of nature

self, person to be
emulated

The public test

Freedom

Teaching
Reality

Disciplinary
subjects and
doctrine

Subjects of the
mind-literary,
philosophical,
religious

Subjects of
physical
world-math,
science

Subject matter of
social experiencessocial studies

Subject matter
of choice-art,
ethics,
philosophy

Teaching
Truth

Discipline of
the mind via
drill

Teaching ideas
via lecture,
discussion

Teaching for
mastery of
informationdemonstrate,
recite

Problem solving,
project method

Arousing
personal
responsesquestioning

(Knowledge
Epistemology)

Teaching
Goodness
(Values)

Disciplining
behavior (to
reason)

Imitating
heroes and
other
exemplars

Training in
rules and
conduct

Making group
Awakening
decisions in light self to
of consequences responsibility

Why
Schools
Exist

To reveal
reason and
Gods will

To sharpen
the mind and
intellectual
processes

To reveal the
order of the
world and
universe

To discover and
expand the
society we live in
to share
experiences

To aid
children in
knowing
themselves
and their
place in
society

What
Should
Be Taught

External
truths

Wisdom of
the ages

Laws of
physical
reality

Group inquiry
into social
sciences, method
and subject
together

Unregimente
d topic areas

Role of the
Teacher

Interprets,
tells

Reports,
person to be
emulated

Displays,
imparts
knowledge

Aids,
consultant

Questions,
assists
student in
personal
journey

Role of the
Student

Passive
reception

Receives,
memorizes

Manipulates,
passive
participation

Active
participation,
contributes

Determines
own rules

Schools
Attitude
Toward
Change

Truth is
eternal, no
real change

Truth to be
preserved,
antichange

Always
moving
toward
perfection,
orderly
change

Change is ever
present, a
process

Change is
necessary at
all times