VOLTAGE DOUBLER

USING
555 TIMER IC

Group no -1
Rahabar aziz (1337321017)
Aditya insha (1337321001)

Introduction
A voltage doubler is an electric circuit with an AC input and a
DC output of roughly twice the peak input voltage. They are a
variety of voltage multiplier circuit and are often, but not
always, a single stage of a general form of such circuits. The
term is usually applied to circuits consisting of rectifying diodes
and capacitors only, other means of doubling voltages are not
included.
There are differenttypes
of voltage multiplierssuch
as voltage doubler,
voltage Tripler, and
voltage quadrupler.
Primarily, we are going to
discuss about voltage
doubler circuit diagram
and voltage doubler
working.

What is a Voltage Doubler?

An electronic voltage multiplier circuit that doubles the

voltage by using the charging and the discharging principle of
capacitors is called as a voltage doubler. It consists ofmajor
electronics componentssuch as capacitors and diodes.
The simple voltage doubler circuit consists of two capacitors and
two diodes connected as shown in the figure. The voltage
doubler circuit can be a simple rectifier which takes an input AC
voltage and generates an output DC voltage that is
approximately twice the input AC voltage.
Even though there are DC to DC
voltage doublers, but in these
types of voltage doubler circuits
driving circuit is required for
switching control. There are
different types of voltage
doubler circuits such as a simple
voltage doubler as shown
above, voltage doubler
using555 timer, voltage doubler
rectifiers like Villard circuit,
Greinacher circuit, etc.

Components Required for our

Project
555

Timer IC
Diodes -2 (1N4007)
Resistors- 10k, 33k
Capacitors- 22uf (2), 0.01uF (2)
3-12v Power supply source

Circuit Diagram

555 -Timer IC
The555 timer ICis anintegrated circuit(chip) used in a variety
oftimer, pulse generation, andoscillatorapplications. The 555
can be used to provide time delays, as anoscillator, and as
aflip-flop element. Derivatives provide up to four timing circuits
in one package.
Introduced in 1971 byAmericancompanySignetics, the 555 is
still in widespread use due to its low price, ease of use, and
stability. It is now made by many companies in the
also inmodes:
low-powerCMOStypes.
originalbipolarand
The IC 555 has three operating
Bistablemode orSchmitt trigger the 555 can operate as aflip-flop, if the DIS pin is
not connected and no capacitor is used. Uses include bounce-free latched switches.

Monostablemode in this mode, the 555 functions as a "one-shot" pulse

generator. Applications include timers, missing pulse detection, bounce-free
switches, touch switches, frequency divider, capacitance measurement,pulsewidth modulation(PWM) and so on.

Astable(free-running) mode the 555 can operate as anelectronic oscillator. Uses

includeLEDand lamp flashers, pulse generation, logic clocks, tone generation,
security alarms,pulse position modulationand so on. The 555 can be used as a
simpleADC, converting an analog value to a pulse length (e.g., selecting
athermistoras timing resistor allows the use of the 555 in a temperature sensor
and the period of the output pulse is determined by the temperature). The use of a
microprocessor-based circuit can then convert the pulse period to temperature,
linearize it and even provide calibration means.

Internal Structure

Voltage Doubler Using 555 Timer

This voltage doubler using 555 timer is a simple DC voltage multiplier that
utilizes capacitors, diodes, andIC 555 timerin astable mode. Hence, it
produces a square wave approximately at 2KHz frequency with the help of
R1, R2, and C1 as shown in the figure. The forward biased diode D2 and C3
are connected such that for amplifying the signals. The diode D1 prevents
complete discharge of the capacitor C3.

Thus, these basic components such as capacitors C3, C4, diodes D1, and D2
are used for boosting the input power. As the components are selected with
appropriate ratings, the circuit accepts the input supply voltage ranging
from
3Vinput
to 12V.
.If
the
supply

voltage exceeds this

range, then the IC
555 may get
permanently
damaged. The diodes
used in this circuit are
1N4007, if we use
other diodes such as
1N4148, then the
output voltage
decreases due to
different breakdown

Working and Explanation

We

can divide the circuit into two parts, first part consist the 555
timer IC in Astable mode, to generate the square wave and second
part consist 2 diodes and 2 capacitors to double the output
voltage.We have configured 555 Timer IC in Astable multi -vibrator
mode to generate the square wave of approx. 2KHz, this
frequency is decided by the resistor R1, R2 and capacitor C1.
Below is he formulae for the same:
F = 1.44 / (R1+2*R2) * C1
When the output at PIN 3 of 555 IC is low, Diode D1 get forward
biased and capacitor C3 get charged through the D1. Capacitor C3
get charged up to the same voltage at the source, in our case
5v.Now when output at PIN 3 goes high, D1 get reverse biased and
blocks the discharging of the capacitor C3, and at the same time
D2 is forward biased and allow the capacitor C4 to charge. Now
the capacitor C4 charges with the combined voltage of Capacitor
C3 and the input source voltage, means 5v of capacitor C3 and 5v
of input supply, so it charges up to 10v (twice the voltage of input
source).

Circuit Diagram

Practical Voltage Doubler Project

Step up 6V DC to 10V DC using 555 timer is a practical voltage

doubler project, which consists of different blocks such as power
supply block for giving input supply voltage to the circuit, 555 timer
that is connected in astable mode for developing a DC square wave,
multiplier block, output voltage measurement block.

The square wave voltage

developed by 555 timer
IC connected inastable
modeis used as input for
voltage multiplier or
voltage doubler block.
Thus, the voltage
doubler circuit multiplies
the input voltage for
generating an output
voltage that is
approximately equal to
twice the input voltage.
Here, in this case the
output voltage is

The 555 timer output voltage is made to pass through the

voltage doubler for producing double output voltage. But, for
maintaining good regulation and to avoid output voltage
from falling below the estimated level, we must restrict the
load to less than 5mA. Thus, by eliminating the high current
drawing loads we can avoid the poor voltage regulation.
By adding more
number of multiplier
stages, we can
obtain an output
voltage that is equal
to three to ten times
the input voltage.

ADVANTAGE

More reliable
Fast response
Quick operation
Loss cost
Easily maintainance

Disadvantage
Full-wave

has less ripple voltage than

half-wave.
Full-wave requires more components
than half-wave.

APPLICATION

A doubler can increase a low voltage to

a very high voltage by adding stages.
Study of high voltage behaviour to
plasma study.