3.

PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

1 SCREWDRIVERS

B
A
Designated by Width(A) X Shaft length(B)

Plain (Slotted screwdriver)

Phillips screwdriver

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

Plastic screwdriver for checking ignition

Screwdriver with light

Automatic screwdriver

Impact screwdriver
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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

1) Handling method
90

2) Caution items

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

2 ADJUSTABLE WRENCH

Length(mm)

Adjusting screw

Fixed jaw
Adjustable jaw

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

1) Handling method

Big load
Fixed jaw

2) Caution items

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

3 WRENCHES

Single-end wrench

15

Double-end wrench(same aperture)

Double-end wrench(different apertures)

Offset

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

1) Handling method
Tighten by pulling direction

2) Caution items

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

4 PLIERS

Thin straight pliers

Thin bentnose pliers

Longnose pliers

Cutting pliers
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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

1) Handling method

2) Caution items

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

5 RATCHET HANDLE (WRENCH)

Socket insert part

Ratchet Handle (Wrench)

Gear

Pawl

Lever

Cam
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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

1) Handling method

2) Caution items

Wrong

Correct
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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

6 T-TYPE BOX WRENCH

Grip

Universal joint
T-type wrench

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

1) Handling method

2) Caution items

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

7 IMPACT WRENCH
Hammer case
Body cover

Changeover lever

Valve lever

Air inlet

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

8 OFFSET WRENCH

Open offset wrench

Cut grove

Caution items

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

9 TIGHTENING TORQUE

L
F
Tightening torque = Wrench length (L) X Force applied by the hand (F)
Standard Torque Table
Material
Bolt diameter
8 mm
10 mm
12 mm
14 mm
16 mm

Soft steel
90 - 230 kgcm
180 - 450 kgcm
300 - 770 kgcm
510 - 1,300 kgcm
800 - 2,400 kgcm

Semi-hard steel
130 - 320 kgcm
250 - 630 kgcm
430 - 1,100 kgcm
730 - 1,800 kgcm
1,100 - 2,900 kgcm

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

10 TORQUE WRENCH
1) Types
Plate type

Dial type

Preset type

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

2) Handling method

Tighten by pulling direction

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3. PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS

11 BOLT AND NUT TIGHTENING TORQUE TABLE

Unit : (kgcm)
Material

Semi-hard
steel

Soft steel

Special steel

Torque
condition
Favorable

Semi-favorable

Poor

Favorable

Semi-favorable

Poor

Favorable

Semi-favorable

Poor

36 - 53

48 - 71

60 - 88

58 - 83

75 - 110

94 - 138

82 - 110

110 - 146

137 - 183

88 - 128

117 - 172

146 - 214

138 - 201

183 - 270

229 - 336

200 - 267

267 - 356

334 - 445

10

174 - 255

232 - 340

290 - 425

273 - 400

364 - 533

455 - 667

397 - 574

529 - 706

662 - 882

12

304 - 445

405 - 592

506 - 742

477 - 700

636 - 932

795 - 1,165

694 - 925

925 - 1,230

1,160 - 1,540

14

486 - 712

647 - 950

809 - 1,180

764 - 1,120

1,020 - 1,500

1,270 - 1870

1,010 - 1,980

1,480 - 1,970

1,850 - 2,470

16

758 -1,110

1,010 - 1,480

1,260 - 1,850

1,190 - 1,750

1,590 - 2,330

1,990 - 2,920

1,730 - 2,310

2,310 - 3,080

2,890 - 3,850

18

1,040 - 1,530

1,390 - 2,040

1,740 - 2,540

1,640 - 2,400

2,180 - 3,200

2,730 - 4,000

2,380 - 3,170

3,170 - 4,230

3,970 - 5,290

20

1,480 - 2,170

1,970 - 2,900

2,460 - 3,620

2,320 - 3,410

3,100 - 4,550

3,870 - 5,680

3,380 - 4,510

4,510 - 6,010

5,640 - 7,510

22

2,030 - 2,980

2,700 - 3,970

3,380 - 4,950

3,180 - 4,680

4,250 - 6,210

5,310 - 7,800

4,630 - 6,170

6,170 - 8,230

7,720 - 10,290

24

2,560 - 3,750

3,410 - 5,000

4,260 - 6,250

4,020 - 5,360

5,360 - 7,850

6,700 - 9,850

5,850 - 7,790

7,790 - 10,390

9,740 - 12,990

Bolt
diameter(mm)

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