COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR FLUID DYNAMICS - 3 RD EDITION

BY J. H. FERZIGER & M. PERIC

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DR.. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)

Other Relevant Books Include;
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
The Basics with Applications by John D. ANDERSON, Jr.

AN INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

The Finite Volume Method by H. K. Versteeg & W. Malalasekera

NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW

by Suhas V. Patankar

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DR.. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS

WHAT IS CFD?

Simulation of fluid systems using mathematical

modeling, numerical methods and computers.

Experimental/Theoretical Approaches
CFD
CFD made
made possible
possible by
by
the
the advent
advent of
of digital
digital
computer.
computer.
500
500 flops,
flops, 1947
1947
20
20 teraflops,
teraflops, 2003
2003
18
18 petaflops,
petaflops, 2012
2012
100
100 petaflops,
petaflops, 2016
2016
200
200 petaflops,
petaflops, 2018
2018

CFD

CFD Code
Development

Mathematical
Modeling

Numerical
Methods

CFD
Simulation

Solving Fluid
Flow
Systems
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D
DR.. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS

WHAT IS CFD?

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is the science of

predicting fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transfer,
chemical reactions, and related phenomena by solving
the mathematical equations which govern these
processes using numerical techniques and computing

machines.
Solving
Solving
FD
FD
Problems
Problems

CFD
CFD
CFD
Simulation
s
s

CFD
CFD Code
Code
Developmen
tt
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DR.. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS

CFD CODE DEVELOPMENT

CFD Code
Developmen
t

Mathematical Modeling

Developing
Developing Governing
Governing Equations
Equations
Applying
Applying Initial
Initial and
and Boundary
Boundary
Conditions
Conditions

Numerical Methods

Geometry
Geometry Transformation
Transformation
Grid
Grid Adaption
Adaption
Descretization
Descretization of
of Governing
Governing
Equations
Equations

Solving
Solving the
the Governing
Governing Equations
Equations

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D
DR.. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS

CFD CODE DEVELOPMENT

Pre-Processor
(Ansys
Workbench)

CFD Code
(FLUENT,
CFX)

PostProcessor
(FLUENT)

Geometry and
Domain
Grid
Generation
Mathematical Modeling (Governing
Equations)
Initial and boundary
conditions
Selection of models for different
applications
Discretization of Governing
Equations
Grid
Transformation
Solvers and Numerical
Parameters
Solution of the Navier-Stokes
Equations
Processing the
Results
Plotting the
Results
D
DR.. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS

Math.
Modeling

Numerica
l Methods

WHY USE CFD?

Fluid Dynamics Prediction Methods
1. Experimental Investigations
Experimentation on a physical model
Reliable information is achieved, However,
Experimentation may be costly
It is difficult to achieve exact conditions,
It is difficult to isolate effects
Sometimes not repeatable
2. Analytical Investigations
Most important branch of fluid dynamics
Crucial in understanding concepts
Usually good in predicting trends
Can obtain a lot of information using
simplifying assumptions, However,
Very limited range of Application

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D
DR.. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS

WHY USE CFD?

3. CFD Investigations

1. Simulation-based design instead of

build & test
More cost effective and more rapid
than EFD
CFD provides high-fidelity database
for diagnosing flow field
2. Simulation of physical fluid
phenomena that are difficult for
experiments
Full scale simulations (e.g., ships
and airplanes)
Environmental effects (wind,
weather, etc.)
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Hazards (e.g.,
explosions,
D
D .. AJMAL
AJMAL SHAH,
SHAH, PIEAS
PIEAS
R