BIODISEL

BIODISEL
BIODISEL
BIODISEL
BIODISEL

TRANSESTERIFICATION CASTOR
OIL WITH VARIATION BASE /
NATURE ZEOLITE FOR MAKING
BIODIESEL
Ahmad Sulton Akbarul Falah ( 13630058 )

Ok. I will
presented my
reseach. The titel
my resach is

Background Of the
Research
Fuel Oil

And than. This is

background my
research. The
problem is fuel
oil. What do yo
think aboaut fuel
oil?

To get fuels we
mush getting
from eard. Now,
in the world, we
use fosil fuels.
Example in
indonesia we
know premium,
pertamax and

Pertamax,
pertalite use to
move the car, So
traic jam in the
every were. And
the polotiun from
car or motorcikle
is so bad for healt
us..

Background Of the
Research
Fuel Oil

The solution the

problem is
biodisel.
Why biodisel?

Biodiesel

enviromental
2. yes biodisel not
have toxic
becase
Thi is reason
produksing
why we use
biodisel from
biodisel
vegetable oil
3. Yes. CO2 from
bodisel is is low.
So biodisel has
1. Environmentally friendly
low smoke
2. Is the fuel that is non-toxic
number
3. Biodiesel has low smoke number4. Thi is the most
important. Yes
biodisel can be
4. Biodiesel can be renewable
renewable.
Because raw
material from
vegetable oil ,

Background Of the
Research
Fuel Oil

Biodiesel

To making biodisel the raw material

is vegethable oil. We can making
biodisel from palm oil, coconout oil
or castrol oil. But i use castrol oil.
Why castrol oil?

Castrol Oil

Thi is reason
why we use
castrol oil.

1. High oil production

30-50 %
2. The resulting oil can
not be consumed by
humans. so do not run
into competition with
the oil-for-food

Background Of the
Research
Fuel oil

Biodiesel

Castrol Oil

Research
About
Biodisel

The rusult of the research the

Soetaredjo et al 2010. optimum reaction KOH/zeolite is 1:4,

time 4 hours, catalyst 3%, oil and methanol 1:6, temperatur 60
oC, yield biodisel is 90,70%.
Kusuma et al 2012. optimum reaction KOH 100 g/100 mL, time
4 hours, 60 oC, oil and methanol 1:6, catalyst 3%, yield biodisel
is 95.09%.
Use zeolit spesifik NaY to making Biodisel
Supamathanon et al 2011. KOH/ NaY, yield biodisel is 73,4%
Benjapornkulaphong el al 2008. Ca(NO3)2/Al2O3 , LiNO3/Al2O3 ,
and NaNO3/Al2O3 Mg(NO3)2/Al2O3. yield biodisel > 90% except
Mg(NO3)2/Al2O3

Background Of the
Research
Fuel oil

Sulton ( 2017
)
..............

Biodiesel

NaOH/zeolite
KOH/zeolite
Mg(OH)2/zeo
lite
Ca(OH)2/zeol
ite

I thing diferend researc

is variasion base to
katalis. Yes i use....

Castrol Oil

Research
About
Biodisel

The research about

biodisel always use
catalise KOH . Onother
base so rarely

Problem of the
research

1. Which are the best base/nature zeolit catalyst for transesterification reaction?
2. How is the yield of biodiesel that came using base/nature zeolit catalyst?

1. To know the best percent base/nature zeolit catalyst for transesterification

Objective of
the research

reaction.
2. To know the yield of biodiesel that came using the base/nature zeolit
catalyst.

 Castor oil
Natural zeoilie from Malang
Limid of the
research

The base is NaOH, KOH, Mg(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2

The ratio of castor oil and methanol is 1:12.
Analyst using GC-MS

Study Of Literature
Biodiesel

An alternative to diesel fuel in the form of methyl esters of long chain fatty
acids that can be produced through a transesterification reaction oils / fats of
vegetable or animal origin (Leung, et al., 2010).
No.

Persyaratan kualitas biodiesel menurut SNI-04-71822006.

Karakteristik
Batas Nilai
Metode Uji

1.

Massa jenis pada 40oC,

850 890

Kg/m3

2.

Viskositas kinematik pada 40 oC,

2,3 6,0

Mm2/s(cSt)

3.

Angka Setana

min. 51

4.

Titik Nyala

min. 100

5.

Titik Kabut (Cloud Point)

max. 18

6.

Titik Tuang (Puor Point)

max. 18

7.

Air dan sedimen,

max. 0,05

% volume

8.

Abu tersulfatkan,

max. 0,02

% berat

9.

Gliserol bebas

max. 0,02

% berat

10.

Fosfor

max. 10

mg/kg

11.

Angka asam,

max. 0,8

mg-KOH/g

C
C
C

Komposisi Trigliserida Minyak Jarak (Ricinus Communis)

Ok.
(Plante, et al., 2011)

Kromatogram HPLC minyak jarak (Ricinus Communis) (Plante, et

al., 2011)

Keterangan : R = risinoleat, Ls = leskuroleat, Ln = linoleat, O =

oleat, S = stearat

This is
result analisis
castrol oil by
HPLC.
In the picture
show many
peak but only
peak in the time
5 minuuet so
bigger. The
peak have
Risinoleat.
N another peak
is coumpound
onther.

Natural Zeolite
Preparation

And then
Impregnation
Use KOH. The
result is
zeolite
aktifais.

Dealumination
use HCl

Impregnation
Use KOH

Zeolite
before use to
catalise,
zeolite mush
preparation
the fuction of
prepration to
use zeolit
active site.
And then
dealuniatian
use HCl to
get off Al.

Production of biodiesel through

transesterification
Transesterification is a conversion triglycerides into
methyl ester.
O
H2C

R1

HC

O
C
O

R2

H2C

R3

triglycerides

R1COOCH3
+ 3 CH3OH

R2COOCH3
R3COOCH3

methanol

Methyl ester

H2C

OH

HC

OH

H2C

OH

glycerol

Thi is
reaction
making
biodisel. The
triglesida
from castrol
oil, like
linoelat,
plamitat and
onther. The
trigleserida n
methanol
with help
katalise
result methil
ester n
gliserol.
Methil ester
is biodisel.

GC-MS

Time retensi (minute)

cromatogram GC hasil biodisel

Thi is result
analisis gcms biodisel.
In the picture
we can see
some peak.
But the
biggers peak
is one. Is
metil
risoneleat.

Methodology

The research was conducted in August-December 2017 at the Laboratory of

Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Chemistry Department the State Islamic
University (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Reseach Tools
Weigher
a set of glassware
tools
Hot plate
Oven
A set of refluks
Filter paper
Desikator
GC-MS

Material

Castor Oil
Methanol
Zeolit
NaOH, KOH
HCl
PP indicator
Reagen

Step Of the Research

Castor oil
analysis

Biodiesel
analysis , GCMS , density.

Aktivation of
nature zeolite
Malang

Making biodiesel
(transesterifikasi)

Aktivation of
nature zeolite
Malang

Preparation of natural zeolite (Kusuma, et al., 2011;

Intrapong, et al., 2013; Botianovi, 2012)
Natural zeolite 2 gr
Measured zeolite 200 mesh
Soaked in aquadest 500 mL
Stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 24 hours at room
filtered
In oven precipitate during 24 hours at a temperature of 110C
Soaked in a solution of NH4NO3 zeolite in the ratio 1: 2
Strirrer for 4 jam
Be filtered
Washed with aquadest until the filtrate pH neutral
In calcination at 450 oC of temperature for 4 hours
Result

Activation Zeolite (Kusuma, et al., 2011)

Zeolite
preparation
Measured about 100 gram of KOH
Souluble with aquadest 100mL
Measured zeolit, mixed with KOH solution in ratio of zeolite : KOH is
(1:4) (b/b)
The mixture was transferred to a three-and-neck flask equipped with
a condenser
At reflux and in strirrer at a temperature of 60 C for 8 hours
Separated KOH solution with a Buchner funnel
obtained residu
In the dry residu at a temperature of 110 C for 24 hours
In calcining the zeolite at a temperature of 450 C for 4 hours
Result

Production biodiesel (transesterification)

Castor oil : methanol

(1:12)

Included into the three-neck flask with a capacity 500 mL

Added KOH/zeolite with a variation is 5%, 10% and 15%
Heated at a temperature of 60 C for 3 hours
Stirred with magnetic stirrer
Included in the separating funnel and left during 24 hours

upper layer
(metil ester)
Included in the separating funnel
Added Hot aquadest 10% of the volume of oil
Allowed to stand for 1 hour
upper layer
(metil ester)
Added with 1% anhydrous Na2SO4
Decanted
Biodiesel

bottom layer
(glycerol
+water)

Analysis of water content castor oil

Poecelain
cup

In oven 15 minutes
Entered in the desiccator
Added 5 grams of fish oil
be weighed
In oven for 4 hours at a temperature of
110 oC
Cooled in the desiccator and weighed

Resul
t

 Density
porcelain cup

Rinsed with distilled water

Rinsed with acetone
Dried with a hairdryer
Weighed and added fish oil
Wiped the outside of the pycnometer to dryness and weighed

Result

THANK YOU