BASIC MEASUREMENT

Objective
For the trainees/students know how to

read, calculate and solve a problem

regarding on measurements that deals
with Length, Area, Volume and Time in
the accordance with the industry
standards.

Measurement
Is the process or the result of
determining the ratio of a physical
quantity, such as a LENGTH, MASS,
TIME,
etc.
The
science
of
measurement is METROLOGY.

Length
Most

commonly refers
dimension of an object.

to

the

longest

May be distinguish from height, which is

vertical extent and width or breadth, which are

distance from side to side, measuring across
the object at right angles to the length.

Metric Units

English Units

mm, cm, m, km

Inches, feet,
yard, mile

1ft. = 12 inches
1yd. = 3 ft.
1m = 3.281 ft.
= 1000 mm
= 100 cm
= 39.37 inches
= 1.093 yd.

1inch = 2.54 cm
= 25.4 mm
1mile = 5280ft.
= 1760 yd.
1km. = 1000m

Example
1. How many feet in 1 kilometer?
2. How many milimeter in 1 yard?
3. How many kilometer are there in 150 inches?
4. How many feet in 2.5 meters?
5. How many yard are the in 5.8 miles?

Area
The extent of a two-dimensional surface enclosed within a

specified boundary or geometric figure.

Perimeter- is a path that surrounds an area.
1 ft2 = 144 in2
1 m2 = 1000 cm2
= 10.76 ft2
= 1.195 yd2

Area
x

1. Square

Area
= x2
Perimeter = 4x

x
x

2. Rectangle
Area
= LxW
Perimeter = 2L + 2W

W
L

Area
3. Triangle
Area

= bh

4. Circle
Area
= r2= /4 D2
Circumference = 2 r
r =D

b
r
d

Example Problem
1. The area of a circle is 89.42 in2. What is the

circumference?
2. A chord is shaped to enclosed a square whose area is

144 in2. It is then reshaped to enclosed a rectangular

form whose width is 8 inches. Find the length of
rectangle.

Volume
The amount of space, measured in cubic units that an object

or substance occupies.
1 ft3 = 1728 in3
= 7.482 US gal.
1 m3 = 1000 liters
= 35.31 ft3
= 1.308 yd3.
1 US. Gal = 3.785 liters
1 in3 = 16.387 cm3

Volume
x

1. Cube
Volume = x3

2. Rectangular
Parallelopied
Volume = abc

c
b

3. Cone
Volume = 1/3 r2h

h
r

Volume
4. Sphere

Volume = 4/3 r3
5. Cylinder
Volume = /4 D2 h

h
D

Example Problem
1. An inverted conical tank has a diameter of 10m and 8m

height. Find the tank volume.

2. A cylindrical tank 5m diameter and 7m height is filled

with water to a height of 3m from the top. Find the

volume of the water in the tank.

Mass & Weight

- Is usually taken to be the force on the object due to gravity.
1 Ton
= 2000 lbs.
1 Metric Ton = 1000 kg
= 2200 tons
1 Pounds (lbs.) = 16 oz. (ounces)
= 0.453592 kg.
= 0.138255 N
1 Newton = 0.1019 kg
= 0.0459 lb.
1 kg
= 2.22 lbs.

Time
Is a part of measuring system used to sequence events. To

compare the durations of events and the intervals.

1 min. = 60 sec.
1 hr. = 60 min.
1 day = 24 hrs.
1 year = 8760 hrs.
365 days = ordinary year
366 days = leap year

Example Problem
1. One pipe can fill the tank within in 5 hours. A second

pipe takes only 3 hours to do the same job. If both pipes

are working together, how long in hours. will it take to
fill the tank?
2. A water reservoir can be filled the intake pipe in 40

minutes and by another pipe in 30 min . It can be

emptied by a third pipe in 60 minutes. Starting empty,
how long will it take to fill the reservoir if all pipes are
open.

Numerical Prefixes
1x1018
1x1015
1x1012
1x109
1x106
1x103
1x102
1x101

Exa
Peta
Tera
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Hecto
Deca

1x10-18
1x10-15
1x10-12
1x10-9
1x10-6
1x10-3
1x10-2
1x10-1

atto
femto
pico
nano
micro
milli
centi
deci

Activity No. 01
1. A metal washer 25mm in diameter is pierced by a 12

mm hole. What is the area of the face of washer at one

side?
2. A cylindrical tank 6m diameter and 9m height is filled
with water to 2/3 of its height. Find the volume of water
in the tank.
3. The intake pipe can fill a tank in 4 hours when the outlet
pipe closed, but with the outlet pipe open it takes 6
hours. How long would it take the outlet pipe to empty a
full tank?

Activity No. 01
Answer Key:
1. A = /4 D2

= /4 (Do2- Di2)
= /4 [(25mm)2 (12mm)2]
= 377.7765 mm2 ans.
2.

V = /4 D2 h
= /4 (6m)2 [ 2/3 (9m)]
= 169.6460 m3 ans.

3. 12 hrs.

Key Answer
Area
33.52 in.
2. 16 in.
1.

Volume
1. 209. 44 m3
2. 78.54 m3
Time
1.875 hrs.
2. 24 min.
1.