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Principles of Health,

Safety and Environment


Acknowledgement to:
Dr Syed Shatir A. Syed-Hassan

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Faculty of Chemical
Engineering
Universiti Teknologi
MARA

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Introduction

Safety
Health
Chronic
Acute
Hazard
Risk
Accident
Incident
Near Miss

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Some Terminologies

Safety = the absence of: (i) injury and


harm on human and (ii) damage on
property and the environment
Opposite of safety = accident
Health = a state of physical and mental
well-being including the absence of
disease or infirmity.
Safety deals with acute effects of hazards
Health issue deals with chronic effects of
hazards
Chronic: persistent, prolonged and

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Safety and Health

Hazard = a condition that has the


potential to cause human injury or
fatality, damage to property, damage
to the environment or some
of these.
combination
Risk = a measure
of human injury,
environmental damage, or economic
loss in terms of both the incident
likelihood and the magnitude of the
or injury.
loss
In other
words, risk = a chance of injury
or loss or bad consequences to happen.

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Hazard versus Risk

The work environment


Equipment/plant/proce
ss
Substances/materials
Work system
People

5
M
Man

Machin
e
Method
Materia
l
Milieu

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Sources of Hazards

Broad Categories of
Hazards
Category

Example

Chemical Hazards

acidity, alkalinity, corrosivity,


explosiveness, flammability,
toxicity, asphyxation.

Mechanical Hazards

moving equipment, tripping


hazards, impact and forces

Thermodynamics Hazards

high/low temperature, high


pressure, vacuum, heat transfer

Electrical & Electromagnetic


Hazards

high voltage, radiation, static


electricity, electrical current

Health Hazards

noise, pollution, vibration,


radioactivity,

External Threats

accidental damage by missiles


and vehicles, act of god and
natural causes

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Safety Hazards

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Health, Safety & Environmtn


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Potential Safety Hazards


in Oil and Gas Operation
Blowouts

Process
leaks

Category
Drilling
Completion,
Production
(including
wirelining)
Workover
Abandonment,
Leaks of gas/oil
from:
Wellhead
equipment,
Separators &
other process
equipment,
Compressors and
other gas

Marine
Collisions

Supply vessels
Standby vessels
Fishing vessels
Drilling rigs
Offshore loading
tankers

Personnel
Transport

Helicopter crash
into
sea/platform/ashor
e
Boat transfer
Basket transfer

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Category

Category

Category

Riser/pipel Leaks of gas/oil


ine leaks
from:
Import flowlines
Export risers
Sub-sea pipelines
Sub-sea wellhead
manifolds

Dropped
objects

Constructions
Crane operations
Cargo transfer

Structural
events

Extreme weather
Foundation failure
Bridge collapse
Crane Collapse

Nonprocess
spills

Chemical
Methanol/Glycol
Bottled gas leaks

Nonprocess
fires

Fuel gas
Electrical
Accomodation
Machinery
Workshop

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Potential Safety Hazards


in Oil and Gas Operation

No
.

Control
Method

Description/Example

1.

Eliminate

Completely remove the hazard from the


workplace so that it is not there.

2.

Substitute

Replace the material or process with a less


hazardous one.

3.

Isolate

Place a barrier or similar between the hazard


and people within the workplace (e.g. a fence
surrounding the hazard).

4.

Engineering
controls

Install or using additional machinery. (e.g


ventilation system, guarding on machinery,
sensor system).

5.

Administrativ
e controls

Safety briefings, safety trainings, work


procedure, safety awareness signage.

6.

PPE

Last line of defence to protect a worker if the


above measures have failed.

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Hazard Control Hierarchy

Hazard Identification and


Risk Assessment
2. Estimating the risk
associated with the hazard
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1. Identify the hazard

Hazard Control Hierarchy


2. Substitute

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1. Eliminate

3. Isolate

Hazard Control Hierarchy


5. Administrative Control

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4. Engineering Control

6. Use PPE

Considered as a last resort in hazard


control because:
Only protects one person.
Only protects if it is worn properly.
Difficulties with fit, practicalities of
use, ergonomics, etc.
Difficulties with enforcement of use.
Other on-going management issues
such as training, replacement, repair.

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Personal Protective
Equipment

Incident: all undesired circumstances


that have the potential to cause
accidents.
Accident: a sequence of events that
produce unintended injury, damage to
property or the environment,
production losses, or increased
liabilities.
Accident refers to the event, not the
results of the event.

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Incident versus Accident

an unplanned event
that did not result in
injury, illness, or
damage but had the
potential to do so.
another term for this
event: close call

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Near Miss..

Accident Pyramids

Major
Injury

29
Minor
Injury

300

Incidents
(near
miss)

H.W. Heinrich

Major
Acciden
t

10

Minor
Acciden
t
30
Property
Damage
Accidents

600

Near miss

Frank E. Bird Jr

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Fire

Explosio
n

Toxic
Release

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Major Industrial Accidents

Accident
sFires

Consequenc
es
Fatalities

Explosions
Toxic
Releases

Injuries
Environmental
Damage
Property Damage
Evacuations
Property Losses
Plant Closings
Fines, Lawsuit

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Consequences of Major
Industrial Accidents:

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Some Major Industrial


Accidents in the Past

Release of toxic gas


40 tons of Methyl Isocynate (MIC)
escaped from Union Carbide Plant in
Bhopal, India.
3000 died (respiratory failure)
Thousands more died in weeks that
followed
More than 500,000 suffered

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Bhopal, 1984

26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear


Reactor, Ukraine.
Large area of Russia, Ukraine and
Belarus was evacuated, 336 000 people
resettled.
Fewer than 50 direct death, but
thousands of cancer-related cases.
Severe damage to the environment.

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Chernobyl, 1986

Worlds most famous oil rig disaster.


167 out of 229 people died
Initial explosion followed by a fierce fire
which, in turn, triggered off a further
series of explosions.
Flames could be seen 100 km away.

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Piper Alpha, 1988

23 March 2005
Fire and Explosion
Killing 15 workers and injuring more
than 170 others.

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BP Texas City Refinery,


2005

Gulf Coast of United States


Platform explosion and sinking, killed 11
workers
Leaking of hundreds of thousands of
barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico
The worst industrial environmental disaster
in US history.

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Deep Water Horizon


Platform, 2006

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Video Session

Importance of Safety
Prevention of ...
Death and injury to general publics
Physical and financial damage to the
properties/facilities
Damage to third party properties
Damage to the environment

Accident is costly!!!

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Death or injury to workers

We recognise the importance of costing


loss events as part of total safety
management. Good safety is good
business
Dr. J Whiston, ICI Group
SHE Manager

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Importance of Safety

Safety is, without doubt, the most crucial


investment we can make, and the question
is not what it costs us, but what it saves.
Robert McKee, Chairman
Conoco (UK) Ltd.

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Importance of Safety

Cost of Accidents

Indirect
Costs

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Direct Costs

Direct Costs
costs that are accrued directly from
the accident
quite easy to calculate
usually insurable by businesses
Indirect Costs
the less obvious consequences of an
accident that can be costed
While the indirect costs created by
accidents are hidden, they too must
be paid
more difficult to calculate and tend
not to be insured

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Cost of Accidents

Medical costs incurred and the


compensation payments made to the
injured workers
Damage to premises, plant and
equipment
Sick pay
Overtime to cover injured person
Fines

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Examples of Direct Cost of


Accidents

Loss of an employee's skills and work


output
Downtime during investigations and
pay of people investigating
Training costs for replacement
operators
Increased Insurance Premiums
Defending criminal and civil
prosecutions

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Examples of Indirect Cost


of Accidents

Decrease workers compensation


Decrease retraining costs
Decrease absenteeism
Reduce production interruption
Increase productivity
Increase morale of workers
Attracting people to work
Enhancing companys corporate
reputation

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Safety is a Good Business

A requirement for engineering degree


programmes
Important aspect in the application for
professional engineer
Non-compliance with safety standards
can severely affect a companys bottom
line.
Engineers who design the workplace and
its equipment or who manage and
supervise workers need to have an
understanding of the safety and health

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Engineers and Safety

Engineering is an important and learned


profession. As members of this profession,
engineers are expected to exhibit the highest
standards of honesty and integrity.
Engineering has a direct and vital impact on
the quality of life for all people. Accordingly,
the services provided by engineers require
honesty, impartiality, fairness and equity, and
must be dedicated to the protection of the
public health, safety, and welfare. Engineers
must perform under a standard of
professional behavior that requires adherence
to the highest principles of ethical conduct.

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Code of Ethics

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Engineering Ethics: Engineers


shall hold paramount the safety,
health, and welfare of the public
in the performance of their
professional duties.

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Theories of
Accident
Causation

Why do accidents occur?

To make a living
To provide society with desirable products

As long as we choose to handle them, a


potential for loss events exist.

Things can be done to reduce their


likelihood and severity to negligible
or tolerable levels.

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We choose to handle dangerous


processes, materials, energies

There are several theories that


attempt to explain the
occurrence of accidents.
Domino theory
Human factors theory
Swiss cheese model
Accident/incident theory
Sociotechnical system framework
Epidemiological Theory
Systems Theory

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How do accidents occur?

Herbert W. Heinrich, an early pioneer of


accident prevention and industrial safety.
He studied 75,000 reports of accidents
for insurance claims and concluded:
88% of industrial accidents are caused
by unsafe acts committed by
workers
10% of industrial
accidents are caused
by unsafe conditions

2% of industrial
accidents are

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Domino Theory

1. Injuries result from a complete series of


factors, one of which is the accident
itself
2. An accident can occur as a result of
unsafe act and/or unsafe conditions
3. Most accidents are the result of unsafe
behaviour by people
4. An unsafe act or an unsafe conditions
does not immediately result in an
accident/injury;

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Heinrichs Axiom of
Industrial Safety

5. The reasons why people commit unsafe


acts can serve as helpful guides in
selecting corrective actions.
6. The severity of an accident is largely
fortuitous and the factors that cause it
are largely preventable.
7. The prevention techniques are
analogous with the best quality and
productivity techniques.

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Heinrichs Axiom of
Industrial Safety

8. Management should assume


responsibility for safety because it is in
the best position to get results.
9. The supervisor is the key person in the
prevention of industrial accidents.
10.In addition to the direct costs of an
accident (i.e. compensation, liability
claims, medical costs, and hospital
expenses) there are also hidden or
indirect costs.

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Heinrichs Axiom of
Industrial Safety

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5 factors in the sequence


of events leading up to an
accident

Social
Environment
and Ancestry

Fault of
Person
(Carelessnes
s)

Unsafe Act
or
Condition

Accident

Injury

5 factors in the sequence


of events leading up to an
accident
Negative character traits that might lead
people to behave in an unsafe manner can
be inherited or acquired as a result of the
social environment.

Fault of a person
Negative character traits, whether
inherited or acquired, are why people
behave in unsafe manner and why
hazardous conditions exist.

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Ancestry and social environment

Unsafe act/Unsafe conditions


Unsafe acts committed by people
Unsafe conditions due to the presence of
mechanical/physical hazards

Accidents
Injury

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5 factors in the sequence


of events leading up to an
accident

A personal injury (the final domino) occurs


only as a result of an accident.
An accident occurs only as a result of a
personal or mechanical hazard.
Personal and mechanical hazards exist only
through the fault of careless persons or
poorly designed or improperly maintained
equipment.
Faults of persons are inherited or acquired
as a result of their social environment or
acquired by ancestry.

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Domino Theory

1. Injuries are caused by the action of


preceding factors
2. Removal of the central factor
(unsafe acts/hazardous conditions)
negates the action of the preceding
factors and, in so doing, prevents
accidents and injuries.

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Heinrichs theory has two


central points:

Injury
Accident
Unsafe act/unsafe condition
Fault of a person
Ancestry and social environment

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Removal of unsafe
acts/unsafe conditions
prevents the accident

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Video Session

Attributes accidents to a chain of


events that were ultimately the result
of human error.
Overload
Inappropriate
activities

Inappropriate
response

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Human Factors Theory

An imbalance between a persons


capacity at any given time and the load
that a person is carrying in a given state.
A persons capacity
is the product of
such factors as
his/her ability,
training, state of
mind, fatigue,
stress, and physical
conditions.

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Overload

Overload

Environmental factors
(noise, distractions,
etc.);
Situational factors
(level of risks, unclear
instructions, etc.); and
Internal factors
(personal problems,
emotional stress,

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Added burden
resulting from

How a person responds in a given


situation can cause or prevent an
accident.
Inappropriate response include:
A person detects a hazardous condition but
does nothing to correct it;
A person removes a safeguard from a
machine in an effort to increase output; or
A person disregards an established safety
procedure

Such responses can lead to accidents.

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Inappropriate Response

Examples of
inappropriate activities
include:
A person undertaking a task
he or she doesnt know how
to do (performing tasks
without requisite training)
A person misjudging the
degree of risk involved in a
given task and proceeding
based on that misjudgment.

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Inappropriate Activities

Overload
Fatigue
Environmental
factors
Internal Factors
Situational
Factors

Inappropriate
Response

Inappropriat
e Activities

Detecting hazard
but not correcting
it
Removing
safeguards from
machines &
equipment
Ignoring safety
Misunderstandin
g the directions

Operating
without
authority
Performing task
without the
requisite training
Misjudging the
degree of risk
involved with a
given tasks
Horseplay

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Human
Factors
Theory

The Swiss Cheese Model of Accident


Causation suggests that systemic
failures, or accidents, occur from a series
of events at different layers of an
organization.
A system is similar to slices of Swiss
cheese
There are holes which represent
opportunities for failure, and each slice is
a layer of the system.

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Swiss Cheese Model

Swiss Cheese Model

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When holes in the layers line up, a loss


(or accident) occurs

Each layer of the system is an


opportunity to stop an error; the more
layers, the less likely an accident is to
occur.
Lines of defence

Defects

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Swiss Cheese Model

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Swiss Cheese Model


Lines of Defence

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Lessons from the


Past Disasters

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A wise man learns from his own


experience, but a wiser man learns
from the experiences of others

Learning from Past


Experiences

Recent and old accidents should be described


in safety bulletins and discussed at safety
meetings
standards and codes of practice should contain
notes on accidents which led to the
recommendations
a 'black book' containing reports of accidents
with technical interest that have occurred
should be compulsory reading for all
* newcomers
Kletz, T. A. On the
need
to refreshing
publish more case
histories.
and
for
memories
Plant/Operations Progress, 1988, 7(3), 145-147.

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Kletz* recommended four ways for


organisations to learn from past
experience:

Oil and Gas Accidents

Piper Alpha 1988

Ocean Ranger 1982

Glomar Java
Sea Drillship 1983

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Alexander L.
Kielland - 1980

Oil and Gas Accidents

Usumacinta 2007

Mumbai High
North - 2005

Deepwater
Horizon - 2010

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Enchova Central 1988

Assignment-1 (Individual)
Due Date: 1 week

Provide a detailed description


of the accidents.
Discuss on the lessons learnt
from the accidents.

Plagiaris
m is a

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Write a review about past accidents in


the oil and gas industry.

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Video Session

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Safety Culture

Culture can be seen as a concept that


describes the shared corporate values
within an organisation which influences
the attitudes and behaviours of all of its
members.
Safety culture is a part of the overall
culture of the organisation and is seen as
affecting the attitudes and beliefs of
members in terms of health and safety
performance.
In other words, safety culture is the

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Safety Culture

Safety Culture

personal responsibility for safety


act to preserve safety
enhance and communicate safety concerns
strive to actively learn
adapt and modify behavior based on
lessons learned from mistakes

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Safety culture refers to the extent to which


individuals and groups in the organisation
will commit to:

Safety Culture

senior management commitment to


safety
realistic and flexible customs and practices
for handling both well-defined and ill-

defined hazards
continuous organisational learning
through practices such as feedback
systems, monitoring and analysing
a care and concern for hazards which is

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A good safety culture can be promoted


by four factors:

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Safety Legislation
and Regulations

Legislation is a law passed by a legislative body


such as a Parliament or State Legislature.
A law is considered to be an act when it has
already been duly passed by a legislative body.
A regulation, on the other hand, is one that is
approved by a group of individuals based on an
act that has already been passed. These
regulations are based on the act that has been
approved and served as a means to make the
act a lot easier to follow and adhere to. For this
reason, one act can have numerous regulations.

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Legislation, Act and


Regulation

OSH Legislation in
Malaysia was based on
the traditional approach
derived from 19th
Century British
Legislation
The industrial revolution
in Britain resulted in
some unsafe and
unhealthy working
conditions plus a high
numbers of injury and
disease.

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Evolution of OSH
Legislation

Legislation to overcome this problem was


introduced very slowly.
In 1844, specific safety provisions addressed
the "fencing of dangerous machinery."
Later Acts in the latter part of the 19th
Century extended safety provisions to men
and to other industries and hazards.
British report in 1972: prepared by a
committee of inquiry, chaired by Lord
Robens and is known as the Robens
Report.

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Evolution of OSH
Legislation

Evolution of OSH
Legislation
There should be more self regulation by
employers and employees; (for example Safety &
Health Officers and Safety & Health Committees);
There should be a single, comprehensive Act
dealing with occupational safety and health that
should contain a clear statement of the basic
principles of the safety responsibility of
employers, employees and manufacturers,
based on common law.
The Act shall be supported by regulations and
voluntary codes with the emphasis on the latter.

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The major recommendations made by


Robens include:

The Occupational Safety and Health Act in


Malaysia as well as new style safety and health
legislation in the UK and Australia, reflects
many principles that were stated in a British
report in 1972.
In the year 1967, the Factory and Machinery Act
was approved by the Parliament of Malaysia.
In 1970, the Factory and Machinery Act and
eight regulations under the act were enforced.
This act was legislated to overcome the
weaknesses in the Machinery Ordinance 1953,
Workers were not protected if they work in a workplace that
doesnt use machinery.

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Evolution of OSH
Legislation

Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994


This legislation was made considering the
fact that the Factory and Machinery Act 1967
only covers occupational safety and health in
the manufacturing, mining, quarrying and
construction industries, whereas the other
industries are not covered.
The purpose of Occupational Safety and
Health Act 1994 is to promote and
encourage occupational safety and health
awareness among employers and workers.

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Introduction to OSHA
1994

Introduction to OSHA
1994
Main principles that had been taken as the
foundation in the drafting of this Act.
1. Self-regulation
To handle issues relating to occupational safety and
health, employers must develop a good and orderly
management system. Starting with formation of a
safety and health policy and consequently employers
have to make the proper arrangements to be carried
out.

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2. Tripartite consultation
where employers, employees and the government
must negotiate to settle issues and problems
relating to occupational safety and health at the
workplace.
3. Co-operation
where employers and employees must co-operate
to take care, nurture and to increase the quality
of occupational safety and health at the
workplace.
Without co-operation between employers and
employees, none of the occupational safety and
health programmes carried out would succeed.

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Introduction to OSHA
1994

Application of OSHA 1994

Manufacturing;
Mining and Quarrying;
Construction;
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing;
Utilities such as Electricity, Gas, Water and sanitary
Services;
Transport, Storage and Communication;
Wholesale and Retail Trades;
Hotels and Restaurants;
Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services
Public Services and Statutory Authorities

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Apply throughout Malaysia to the industries


as follows (First Schedule )

NOTE:
Not applicable to work on board ships
governed by the Merchant Shipping
Ordinance 1952, the Merchant Shipping
Ordinance 1960 of Sabah and Sarawak
Not applicable to armed forces
This Law is in addition to previous law
pertaining to occupational safety and
health. If there is any conflict, this Law
shall supersede the previous law.

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Application of OSHA 1994

FMA 1967

OSHA 1994

Only cover OSH in the


manufacturing, mining,
quarrying, works of
engineering & constructions.
Cover only 24% of the
man power

Cover all economic activities &


government except armed
forces and seafarers.

Approa
ch

Prescriptive
Too dependent on
government
Concern for inspection by
regulation authorities

Self regulation
Supported by code of
practices, guidelines etc.
Tripartite responsibility
Worker cooperation &
participation

Objecti
ve

Focus on control of
factories & machineries
Registration & inspection
of machines
Less provision for health

To safeguard health and welfare


employees and those at the
place of work, e.g. visitors and
contractors

Scope

Cover 90% of the man power

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FMA 1967 versus OSHA


1994

Occupational Safety
and Health Act, 1994
Factory and Machinery
Act, 1967
Petroleum (Safety
Measures) Act 1984
Environmental Quality
Act 1974

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HSE Related Acts in


Malaysia

Laws of Malaysia
Act 514

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Occupational Safety and


Health Act, 1994

Date of coming into operation 25 Feb


1994
Contain 15 Parts, 67 Sections and 3
Schedules
Applicable throughout Malaysia to the
industries specified in the First Schedule
Not applicable to work on board ships
governed by the Merchant Shipping
Ordinance 1952, 1960 (Sabah) or 1960
(Sarawak) or the armed forces

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OSHA 1994

To secure the safety, health and welfare of


persons at work against risks
To protect persons at a place of work other than
persons at work against risks
To promote an occupational environment for
persons at work which is adapted to their
physiological and psychological needs.
To provide the means whereby the associated
occupational safety and health legislation may be
progressively replaced by a system of regulations
and approved industry codes of practice to
maintain or improved the S&H standards

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Section 4: Object of the


Act

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Responsibilities to ensure the safety and


health at the workplace lies with those who
create the risk and with those work with
the risk

Accident prevention is an essential part of


good management and workmanship
Management and workers must cooperate
Top management must take the lead
A defined and known safety and health policy
Organization and resources to achieve policy

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Concept of OSHA 1994

Regulations under OSHA 1994

Guidelines

Code of practice

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Act 514
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994

i. OSH (Employers' Safety and Health General Policy


Statements) (Exception) Regulations 1995
ii.OSH (Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards)
Regulations 1996- CIMAH
iii.OSH (Safety and Health Committee) Regulations 1996SHC
iv.OSH (Classification, Packaging and Labeling of Hazardous
Chemicals) Regulations 1997- CPL
v.OSH (Safety and Health Officer) Regulations 1997-SHO
vi.OSH (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals
Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000- USECHH
vii.OSH (Notification of Accident, Dangerous Occurrence,
Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease)
Regulations 2004-NADOOPOD

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Regulations Under OSHA


1994

Guidelines for Public Safety and Health at


Construction Site Management and workers must
cooperate
Guidelines on First-Aid Facilities in the Workplace
Guidelines for Labeling of Hazardous Chemicals
Guidelines for the Preparation of a Chemical
Register
Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
to Health
Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health in
Agriculture

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Examples of Guideline

To ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety,


health and welfare at work of all his
employees.
To provide and maintain plant and system of
work that are, so far as is practicable, safe and
without risks to health.
To ensure safety and absence of risks to health
in connection with the use or operation,
handling, storage and transport of plant and
substances

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Section 15 General Duties


of Employer and Selfemployed Persons

To provide information, instruction, training and


supervision.
To maintain any place of work under the
control of the employer or self-employed
person and to provide access to and egress
from it that are safe and without such risks.
To provide and maintain a working
environment that is safe, without risks to
health, & adequate as regards facilities for
their welfare at work.

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Section 15 General Duties


of Employer and Selfemployed Persons

It shall be the duty of every employer and


every self-employed person to:
prepare and revise a written statement
on S&H policy
arrange for the time being in force in
carrying out the policy
bring the statement and any revision of
it to the notice of all of his employees

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Section 16 Duty to
formulate S&H Policy

To take reasonable care for the safety and


health of himself and of other persons who
may be affected by his acts or omissions at
work.
To cooperate with his employers or any
other person.
To wear or use at all times any PPE.
To comply with any instruction or measure
on OSH.

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Section 24 General Duties


of an Employee

Laws of Malaysia
Act 139

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Factory and Machinery


Act 1967 (Revised -1974)

6 Parts
59 Sections
3 Schedules
List of Amendments
Effective date: 1st July 1974

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Contents

Part I Preliminary
Part II Safety, Health and Welfare
Part III Person In Charge and Certificate of
Competency
Part IV Notification of Accident, Dangerous
Occurrence and Dangerous Diseases
Part V Notice of Occupation of Factory,
and Registration and Use of Machinery
Part VI - General

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Parts

Laws of Malaysia
Act 302

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Petroleum (Safety
Measures) Act 1984

11 Parts
48 Sections
1 Schedule
List of Amendments
Effective date: 1st March 1985

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Contents

Part I Preliminary
Part II Transportation of Petroleum by
Road and Railway
Part III Transportation of Petroleum by
Water
Part IV Transportation of Petroleum by
Air
Part V Transportation of Petroleum by
Pipelines

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Parts

Part VI Storage and Handling of Petroleum


Part VII Utilization of Equipment, Gadgets,
Mtls., Plants, Appliances, Buildings,
Structures and Installations
Part VIII Existing equipment, Gadgets,
Mtls., Plants, Appliances, Buildings,
Structures and Installations
Part IX General Powers for Rectification
Part X Liability
Part XI - General

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Parts

Ministry of Human Resources


Department of Occupational Safety and Health
(DOSH)

www.dosh.gov.my

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

For More Information

Exploration Activities
Project Development
Inspection and Maintenance of
Production Facilities
Production Operations
Management of Health, Safety &
Environment
Platform Abandonment

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Petronas Procedures and


Guidelines for Upstream
Activities (PPGUA)

Health, Safety & Environmtn


CGE653

Video Session

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