HARDWARE

the physical, touchable, electronic

and mechanical parts of a computer system.

Used
Used for
for aa
particular
particular
purpose.
purpose.

Major hardware components of a

computer system
Two Types of Memory
Also known as hard drive,
Adapters
ThreeAn
types
of optical
drives:
optical
drive
is a magnetic
storage
device
System
case
that
is installed
inside
The
main
board is a
A bus
is acircuit
data pathway
Power Supply Unit / PSU
The main
part
of adrive
the computer.
The
hard
between
Printed-circuit
boards
ofthe
amain
Installed
in
back
corner
The
processor
is
the
main
part
Motherboard/mainboard/system
board
microcomputer,
sometimes
storage
device
(internal
storage,
memory
(Read
Only
Memory)
ROM
is non-volatile,
is
used
as
permanent
several
(also
called
interface
cards)
Compact
Disc
(CD)
Digital
Versatile
Disc
(DVD)
Blu-ray Disc (BD)
of
the
PC
case,
next
to
brain
or
heart
of
a
or memory)
is
the
computer's
computer.
the
chassis.
meaning
itIt holds
data
even when the power
hardware
components
storage
that called
enable
for
data.
the
In
computer
a
Windows
to
ROM
that
uses
working
storage
computer
system.
the
motherboard.
Itcomputer.
converts
includes
the
following
parts:
use
a or
peripheral
device
inside
outside
a
It
contains
all
the
circuits
computer,
the
hard
drive
is is ON or OFF.
Hard Disk Drive / HDD
space
that
holds
data,
It
performs
all
of
220vac
for
itfor
does
not
Itwhich
does
not
only
connect
lasers
Motherboard,
processing
usually
configured
ashave
the to read data
CPUinstructions
(Central
Processing
Unit)
and
components
the
instructions
and
the
necessary
connections
and
processed
(standard
house
power)
the parts
of
thedata
CPU
to
Microprocessor,
Memory
C:
drive
and
contains
the
on
the
calculations
that
are
needed
(information)
waiting
to
or
circuit
boards.
They
areoptical media.
that
run
each
other,
but
also
into
DC
voltages
that
Chips,
Buses,
Ports,
operating
system
be
sent
to
secondary
often
used
to
permit
and
manages
the
flow
links
the
CPU
with
other
the
computer.
Optical Drive
are
used
by
other
components
storage.
Physically,
Expansion
Slots
and
Cards.
upgrading
to a new
different
applications.
ofand
information
through
a
important
hardware.
primary
storage
is a PC
collection
(Random
Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it
Primary
Storage
in the
hardware.
computer.
RAM

of RAM chips.
holds data only when the power is on.

Input Devices
When the power is off, RAM's contents
are lost.
Expansion Bus
Output Devices

Input Devices

The first input

device developed for the PC.
Data is transferred to the
PC over a short cable with a
A device
that can
readDevices
circular
6-pin Mini-din connector
Three
Categories
of
Direct
Entry
An input device used
Two (2) Types
of illustrations
Input Devices
text or
that plugs into the back
to move the pointer
printed on paper and of the motherboard.
(cursor) on screen.
translates the information
Data is inputted
the the
computer
Keyboard
into atoform
computer
Pointing
Devices through
Scanning
a keyboard.
Entry
canDevices
use.
Voice input Devices

Accepts data and instructions from the

user or from another computer system.

Audio input
devices
also that
known
as speech
A
form
of
input
does
not require data to be keyed
Director voice recognition systems that allow
a user
by
someone
sitting
at
a
keyboard.
Direct-entry
Entry
to send audiodevices
signals to
a computer
for processing,
create
machine-readable
data on paper, or
recording, or carrying
out media,
commands.
Audio
magnetic
or feed
it directly into the
input devices such as microphones
allow
users
computers CPU.
to speak to the computer in order to record a
voice message or navigate software.

It displays information
Output Devicesin visual
form, using text and

utilize two sheets

graphics. The portion of the
Types of printer
of polarizing
1. Computer Display Monitor
monitor that displays the
material with a liquid crystal
information is called the
solution between them. An electric
screen or video
current
passed
through
the liquid
sprays
ink
at
a
sheet
of paper.
Ink-jet printers
1. Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer
display
terminal.
the crystals
to align so that
high-quality
text and graphics.
2. LCD Projectors
Types of Monitor produce causes
light cannot pass through them.
Uses the same
technology
as copy is like
Each
crystal,
therefore,
A
type
of
display
2. Laser Printer
machines. Laser
printers
produce
very high
ascreen
shutter,
either
light
that
has allowing
a touch
quality
andtransparent
graphics.
totext
pass
through
or blocking
sensitive
panel
3.
Smart
Board
a. CRT Monitors
b. LCDSimilar
Monitors
c.
LED
Monitors
to a laser
printer, but
uses
liquid
crystals
the
light.
covering
the
screen,
which
3. LCD and LED Printer
or light-emitting
diodes rather
than a
is similar
toplay
a touch
Used to
sound.
laser to produce an image
on
the
drum.
A device
that
prints
text
They
mayscreen.
be built
into
the system
Contains
a
chain
of
characters
or
pins
that
4.
Printer
or
illustrations
on
paper.
unit
or
connected
with
cables.
(Light
Emitting
Diode)
A
display
and
4. Cathode
Line Printer
Liquid
Crystal
(LCD)
technology
Ray Tubes
(CRT)
wereDisplay
the print
an entire
line at one time. Line printers
Speakers
allow
to listen
lighting
technology
usedyou
in almost
has been
used
in laptops
for fast,
some
time.
only type of displays
for use
with
are very
but
produce low-quality
print.
music and
andelectronic
hear sound
effects
every to
electrical
product
It has recently
made
desktop PCs. They are relatively
bigAn been
inexpensive
printer
thatyour
worksa
by
from
computer.
on the
market,
from
tinypushing
on/off
5. Thermal
Printer
commercially
as monitors
(14"
to5.
16"
deep)
and heavy
(over 15available
lbs).heated
Speakers
pins
against
heat-sensitive
paper.
for desktop PCs light to digital readouts, flashlights,
Thermal printers
widely
used in calculators
traffic are
lights
and perimeter
lighting.
and fax machines.

Any piece of computer hardware that

displays results after the computer has
processed the input data that has been
entered.

Monitor

CPU

ROM

RAM

Ports
External connecting sockets on the outside of the
computer. This is a pathway into and out of the
computer. A port lets users plug in outside
peripherals, such as monitors, scanners and
printers.

The Ports and their function

Types of Ports