Lesson 4.

4
Trim and Draft
MP
AP

FP
LCF

Class Topics

Longitudinal Stability Terms

Drag / Trim
Longitudinal Weight Shifts
Example
Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
Examples

AP

MP

FP

DWL

LBP

MP
CFD

LCF

LCF - The Longitudinal Center of

Flotation

MP
AP

FP
LCF
LCF
LCF

Trimming Moment = w x TA

AP

MP
MP
TA
w
LCF

SHIFT - TA equals the longitudinal

distance shifted

FP

Class Topics

Longitudinal Stability Terms

Drag / Trim
Longitudinal Weight Shifts
Example
Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
Examples

DRAG - A design feature having

the draft aft greater than
the draft fwd. Primarily
done to increase plant
effectiveness.
DWL

16' 0"

14' 0"

DRAG = 2 FT By the Stern

TRIM - The difference between

the forward and after
drafts in excess of drag.
DRAG = 0
16'

14'
TRIM = 2 FT By the Stern

DRAG = 1 Ft By the Stern

15'

14'
TRIM = 0

DRAG = 1 Ft By the Stern

13'

14'
TRIM = 2' By the Bow

DRAG = 1 Ft By the Stern

17'

13'
TRIM = 3' By the Stern

Class Topics

Longitudinal Stability Terms

Drag / Trim
Longitudinal Weight Shifts
Example
Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
Examples

Trimming Moment = w x TA

MP

AP

TA

w
LCF

Change in Trim(CT) = TM
MT1"

FP

Trimming Moment = w x TA

MP
MP

AP
AP
LCF
LCF

Change in Trim(CT) = TM
MT1"

FP
FP

CT

AP

MP

LCF

FP

AP

MP

LCF

FP

AP

MP

FP

CT
LCF

AP

MP

FP
CT
CTCT
CT
CT

LCF

AP

MP

FP
CT

da

LCF

df

CT =
AP

df +

da

MP

FP
CT

df

dadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadada
LCF

CT =

df +

AP

da

MP

FP

LCF
df
LCF
LBP

LBP/2
LBP/2 + LCF

AP

MP

FP

CT
LCF
LBP

df

df

df

LBP/2 + LCF
df
LBP/2 + LCF
LBP/2 + LCF df
CT
CT
LBP/2 + LCFdf
CT
df
CT
LBP/2 + LCF
CT
LBP/2 + d
LCF
CT
f
CT
LBP/2 +
LCF
df LBP
CT
LBP
LBP
CT
LBP/2
+
LCF
LBP
df
CT
LBP
LBP
LBP/2 + LCF = LBP
LBP
LBP
LBP/2 + LCF

df
CT
df
CT
=
LBP
LBP/2 + LCF =
LBP
LBP/2 +
df LCF
CT
=
LBP
LBP/2
+
df LCF + LCF)
CT
(LBP/2
=
df =
LBP/2 +
df LCFLBP LBP
CT
=
LBP
LBP/2 +
df LCF
CT
d=f + da
CT =
LBP
LBP/2 +
df LCF
CT
=
da+d=fLCF
dCTf
LBP/2
CT - LBP
=
LBP
LBP/2 + LCF

x CT

Class Topics

Longitudinal Stability Terms

Drag / Trim
Longitudinal Weight Shifts
Example
Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
Examples

Class Topics

Longitudinal Stability Terms

Drag / Trim
Longitudinal Weight Shifts
Example
Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
Examples

LCF

LCF

PARALLEL SINKAGE =

w
TPI

Parallel Sinkage (PS) is the distance

that the drafts fore and aft increase due
to a weight addition.

LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF

PARALLEL SINKAGE =

w
TPI

Parallel Sinkage (PS) is the distance

that the drafts fore and aft increase due
to a weight addition.
Parallel Rise (PR) is the distance that
the drafts fore and aft decrease due to
a weight removal.

PARALLEL RISE =

-w
TPI

Any weight addition can be equated

to an addition at LCF and a shift to
its final location.
AP

MP

LCF

FP

Anyaweight
equated
For
weightaddition
additioncan
thebe
Trimming
to an(TA)
addition
at LCF
and
a shift to
Arm
is equal
to the
distance
its final
location.
from
LCF
to the center of the weight
AP

MP

TA

LCF

FP

AP

MP

LCF

FP

AP

MP

LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF

FP

AP

MP
TA

LCF

FP

AP

MP

LCF

FP

TOTAL

DRAFT =

AP

PS
da

PS/PR +

df or a

MP

FP

PS
LCF

df

Class Topics

Longitudinal Stability Terms

Drag / Trim
Longitudinal Weight Shifts
Example
Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
Examples

COMPT
LBP
= 500
# 3-100-0-L
FT
FLOODED
DEPTH
LCF
= 30 FTTO
aftAof
MP
OF 6 FT
AP

B = 24 FT
L = 30 FT
H = 12 FT

MP
30'

FP
130

100

LCF
280
500

250

WTsw = B x L x D = 123.4 T
35
Wo = 4500 T
Wf = 4623.4 T
AP
MP

B = 24 FT
L = 30 FT
D = 6 FT
FP
130

100

LCF
280
500

250

TPI = 40 T/IN
PS = w = 123.4 T = 3.09 IN
40 T/IN
TPI
AP

MP

FP
130
130
130
130
130

500

LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
280
280
280
280
280

250

100
100
100
100
100

TA = 280 - 115 = 165 FT

TM =

165 FT x 123.4 T = 20361 FT-T

AP

MP

FP
TA
130

500

LCF
280

100

115
250

TA = 280 - 115 = 165 FT

TM =

165 FT x 123.4 T = 20361 FT-T

AP

500

LCF
280

MP

FP

250

MT1" = 1050 FT-T/IN

CT = TM = 20361 FT-T = 19.39 IN
MT1" 1050 FT-T/IN
AP

500

MP

LCF
280

FP

CT
250

df = (LBP/2 + LCF) x CT
LBP
= (250 + 30) x 19.39
= 10.86 IN
500
AP
MP

500

LCF
280

FP

df
250

da = CT -

df = 19.39 - 10.86

DRAFTf = PS +

df

AP

= - 8.53 IN

= 10.86 + 3.09
= 13.95 IN
MP

FP

da

500

LCF
280

DRAFTf
250

PS
df
0

DRAFTa = PS +

da = 3.09 - 8.53
= -5.44 IN

AP

MP

FP

DRAFTa
da

500

PS
LCF
280

DRAFTf
250

PS
df
0