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PRILLING
TOWER
What is prilling?
Solidification of droplets ofmoltenmaterial freefalling against an upward stream of air in a
tower. It is a process used extensively in
nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing.
WHY PRILLING?
Construction:
Process:
The molten urea is sent to the prilling
bucket by centrifugal pump. Bucket
contains no. of holes to the wall.
The fertilizer coming out of the rotating
bucket in the form of drops fall along the
prilling tower and encounters cold air flow
which causes its solidification.
The molten urea drops coming from
bucket contains is at a temperature of
1330C.
Continued:
PRILLING TOWER:
PRILLING
TOWER:
PRILLING TOWER:
PRILLING TOWER:
SOLIDIFICATION OF DROPLET:
VARIATION OF STATES OF
DROPLETS:
For understanding the variations of the states of
droplets and gas stream along tower height, the
following assumptions are made:
(a) The droplets is spherical.
(b) The droplets moves downward at its terminal
velocity throughout whole the process.
(c) Since no mass transfer happens during the process
of melt prilling and the shape of droplet is quickly
fixed due to solid shell formed on the surface, the
droplet is assumed to have a constant density.
HEAT EFFECTS:
DRAWBACKS:
PRILLING TOWER EMISSION:
The prill tower is a major source of emission
in urea plants. The large volumes of
discharged untreated cooling air contain
particulate urea dust (1-2kg.t-1) as well as
NH3 (0.7-1.0kg.t-1).
Towers with natural draft cooling are
reported to have less dust emission than
towers with forced/induced draft air cooling.
The lower air velocity and product mass per
m3 of tower volume reduces attrition and
carryover in the natural draft towers.
WHAT IS IT?
BENEFITS:
There are no large air flows involved in this
technology and there is no visible urea dust
emission.
What ammonia vapors are produced can easily be
captured in a simple atmospheric absorber;
thisresults in negligible emissions of ammonia and
urea, a unique feature of this technology.