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KELOMPOK 11
IKM C 2015
DEFINISI KEBIJAKAN
Kebijakan secara etimologis berasal dari kata polis
dalam bahasa Yunani, atau Greek yang berarti
negara-kota.
Menurut William N. Dunn 2000:132
A policy is a complex pattern of dependence of
collective choice interdependent, including the
decision to act made by the agency or government
office (Kebijakan adalah pola ketergantungan
yang kompleks dari pilihan kolektif yang saling
tergantung, termasuk keputusan untuk bertindak
yang dibuat oleh badan atau kantor pemerintah).
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KARAKTERISTIK KEBIJAKAN
1. Regulatif Regulasi dan kontrol aktivitas.
2. Distributif Distribusi sumber daya baru.
3. Protektif Melindungi kepentingan dan
keinginan publik maupun privat.
4. Redistributif Perubahan distribusi
sumberdaya yang sudah ada
UNSUR KEBIJAKAN
1. Masalah publik (Public Issue);
merupakan isu sentral yang akan
diselesaikan dengan sebuah kebijakan.
2. Nilai Kebijakan (Value); setiap kebijakan
selalu mengandung nilai tertentu dan juga
bertujuan untuk menciptakan tatanilai baru
atau norma baru dalam organisasi.
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4.
5.
PRINSIP KEBIJAKAN
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
TINGKATAN KEBIJAKAN
1. Kebijakan Makro
2. Kebijakan Meso
3. Kebijakan Mikro
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SIKLUS KEBIJAKAN
6.
Evaluasi
5. Implementasi
4.
Keputusan
1. Isu
Kebijakan
2. Agenda
Kebijakan
3.
Konsultasi
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1. KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK
2. KEBIJAKAN PRIVAT
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1. KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK
Dye, 1981
Whatever governments choose to do or not to
do.
Smith, 2003
A proposed course of action of a person,
group or government within a given
environment
providing
obstacles
and
opportunities which the policy was proposed to
utilize and overcome in an effort to reach a
goal or realize an objective or purpose.
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2. KEBIJAKAN PRIVAT
Kebijakan privat merupakan kebijakan yang
digunakan untuk kelompok atau organisasi
tertentu,
dan
kepemilikannya
bersifat
kelompok atau organisasi.
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CONCLUSION
According from several opinions, can be seen a
policy A policy is a written program plan which is
taken by a leader in system or organization as a
decision to resolve the problems that hamper the
attainment of the objectives of an organization and
it is binding. The policy has some characteristics
include: Regulatory, Distributive, Protective, and
redistributive. Policies generally have five
elements.
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KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK
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KEBIJAKAN KESEHATAN
Menurut Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO),
kebijakan kesehatan mengacu pada keputusan ,
rencana , dan tindakan yang dilakukan untuk
mencapai tujuan kesehatan tertentu dalam
masyarakat . Sebuah kebijakan kesehatan yang
membantu untuk menetapkan target dan titik
acuan untuk jangka pendek dan menengah.
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CONCLUSION
In the application of public policy, there are
17 principles presented by the Association of
Washington Business. These principles are
interrelated, so a public policy role and
functions in order to create a successful
implementation.
These problems can become an issue of
public, unless the matter has been talk by
others, have an influence in society, and also
raises concerns for the community. Public issue
has five levels.
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KEBIJAKAN PRIVAT
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CONCLUSION
Some principles of private policy must be in
accordance with the vision and mission of the
organization, according to the organization's needs,
and can control the performance of the
organization. That policy must be in accordance
with the type of service, so that can improve the
quality of service of the organization, usefully,
practical and realistic, easy to read, easy to access.
Including in all relevant areas and inspire readers.
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ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN
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PENDEKATAN ANALISIS
KEBIJAKAN
Pendekatan adalah berbagai metoda
pengkajian dan argumentasi untuk
menghasilkan dan mentransformasikan
informasi-informasi kebijakan agar dapat
digunakan
secara
politis
untuk
menyelesaikan masalah kebijakan.
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PENDEKATAN PERTANYAAN
Empiris
TIPE
UTAMA
INFORMASI
Adakah dan akankah ada Deskriptif
dan
(fakta)
prediktif
Valuatif
Valuatif
Normatif
Apakah
yang
harus Preskriptif
diperbuat (aksi)
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CONCLUSION
Policy analysis (public) is a study of policy have
been made by goverment as a facility to repair or
increase quality from that policy. So, that policy
will survive at longtime. Problem formulation,
forecasting, and recommedation is a ex ante
method. While monitoring and evaluation is a ex
post method. Fifth policy analysis procedure
usefull as a tool to draw relation between method
and technique of policy analysis.
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IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN
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IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN
Salah satu permasalahan kesehatan di
Indonesia yaitu masalah gizi ganda yaitu
kondisi dimana di satu sisi masih banyaknya
jumlah penderita gizi kurang, sementara di sisi
lain jumlah masyarakat yang mengalami gizi
lebih cenderung meningkat.
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HASIL KEBIJAKAN
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia
Nomor 33 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pemberian Air
Susu Ibu Ekslusif
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CONCLUSION
Although Indonesia has been developed in a
variety of sectors, but on the health sector
Indonesia still has many obstacles. One way or
solution that's can be doing is decentralization.
Thus, each region can manage the health of every
region which is regard to the national health
system. So, the government needs to create a policy
to address the problem.
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TERIMA KASIH
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