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LECTURE # 11
Chapter 6: Capacitors and Inductors
Capacitors
Series and Parallel Capacitors
Inductors
Series and Parallel Inductors
6.2 Capacitors
A capacitor is a passive element designed to
store energy in its electric field.
6.2 Capacitors
Capacitance C is the ratio of the charge q on one
plate of a capacitor to the voltage difference v
between the two plates, measured in farads (F).
qC v
and
A
C
d
6.2 Capacitors
The convention is that the
current i is flowing into the
+ve terminal of C
Charging => i is +ve
Discharging => i is ve
dv
iC
dt
6
and
1
v
C
t0
i d t v(t0 )
6.2 Capacitors
iC
dv
dt
6.2 Capacitors
The energy, w, stored in
the capacitor is
1
2
w Cv
2
Example 1
(a) Calculate the charge stored on a 3-pF
capacitor with 20 V across it.
(b) Find the energy stored in the capacitor
Solution 1
Answer:
v(1ms) = 93.14mV
v(5ms) = 1.7361V
10
6.2 Capacitors
Example 3
Under dc conditions, find the energy stored in the
capacitors.
11
Answer: 405 J, 90 J
C eq C1 C 2 ... C N
12
1
1
1
1
...
C eq C1 C 2
CN
13
Answer:
Ceq = 40F
1
v
C
i dt v(t )
t0
1
w C v2
2