FACTORS AFFECTING THE LEVEL OF SELF-ESTEEM AMONG 4TH YEAR NURSING STUDENTS

Jehanna Mar E. Abdurahman,Jazirah Jamilan U. Rasul et.al.,

Western Mindanao State University, College of Nursing
ABSTRACT
Self-esteem is defined as ones
overall
sense
of
selfcompetence and self-worth.
Relevance of self-esteem and
the
ability
to
establish
interpersonal relationships and
quality of nursing care provided
is undeniable. Bearing this in
mind, the researchers aimed to
determine the factors affecting
self-esteem of the 4th year
nursing students of Western
Mindanao State University. This
research
study
utilizes
Descriptive method and was
conducted at the College of
Nursing, Western Mindanao
State University, on voluntarily
consented legal-aged 4th year
nursing students enrolled in
school year 2016-2017.
It was found out that 32 out of
56 students have normal selfesteem while 9 students have
high self-esteem and 15
students have low self-esteem.
The results indicate that
Attitude of Approval of Ones
Self ranked first as the factor
that affects the level of selfesteem among 4th year nursing
students followed by the Sense
of Professional Self-Concept
and
Self-Confidence.
The
researchers then came up with
the conclusion that senior
student nurses predominantly
possess normal self-esteem
and that Attitude of Approval of
Ones Self has the greatest
influence on a senior nursing
CONTACT
students self-esteem
Jehanna Mar E. Abdurahman
WMSU BSN
Email: iiameamj@gmail.com
Phone: 09268277404
Social Media: Jehanna Mar
Engging Abdurahman

INTRODUCTION
Self-esteem is defined as ones overall sense of selfcompetence and self-worth. It is one of the most
important factors in mental health that plays an
important role in promotion of mental health
Relevance of self-esteem and the ability to establish
interpersonal relationships and quality of nursing care
provided is undeniable .As Arthur showed in his
study, nurses with high self-esteem were able to
provide better care to patients (Arthur D., 1992).
According to Rosenberg (1985), self-esteem,
involves an attitude of approval of oneself, and those
with high self-esteem are likely to have self-respect
while those with low self-esteem are likely to lack
confidence, be self-critical and consider themselves
less worthy and competent than others. The main
purpose of the study is to determine the factors
affecting the self-esteem among 4th year nursing
students in Western Mindanao State University.
Specifically, the researchers would like to determine
the level of self-esteem, the factors affecting the selfesteem and the implications of self-esteem to the
professional socialization of the 4th year nursing
students of Western Mindanao State University. This
research study will contribute to the enhancement of
their self-esteem that could also lead to social and
mental well-being. Moreover, this study would also
help in evaluating the effects of self-esteem on
student nurses as a whole. This study shall focus on
the determination of the factors affecting the selfesteem among nursing students of Western
Mindanao State University within one month duration
of the implementation phase.

METHODS AND MATERIALS

This research study utilizes Descriptive method and
was conducted at the College of Nursing, Western
Mindanao State University, on voluntarily consented
legal-aged 4th year nursing students enrolled in school
year 2016-2017. The population of the study was the
30% of the entire population of 4th year nursing
students and was chosen by simple random sampling.
The instrument used was the Rosenberg Self-Esteem
Scale, a 10 item scale questionnaire that measures an
individuals global self-worth by measuring both
positive and negative feelings about ones self.

DISCUSSION

RESULTS
Table 1.1 shows the Level of Self-Esteem among Level IV Nursing Students. The result
Shows High Level of Self-Esteem consists of nine (9) students and is equivalent to 16.07% of the
total number of students, Normal Level of Self-Esteem consists of thirty two (32) and is equivalent
to 57.14% of the total number of students, Low Level of Self-Esteem consists of fifteen (15)
students and is equivalent to 26.79% of the total number of students which gives us a total of 100.00
%. The results of the study imply that a majority of 4th year nursing students falls under Normal
Level of Self-Esteem. It means that a number of 4th year nursing students lies between the two
extremes of high and low and indicates that a majority of 4th year nursing students has a balanced,
accurate view of themselves. On the other hand, it can also be observed that there were a greater
number of students with low self-esteem than those with high self-esteem. Lastly, only a minority of
4th year nursing students has high self-esteem therefore implying that only a few student nurses
possesses high regard towards self. Table 2.4 shows the Factors Affecting the Level of Self-Esteem
among Level IV Nursing Students. In this table, the researchers showed the three factors that were
identified and their respective average. As shown in the table it was found out that Attitude of
Approval of Oneself ranked first as the factor that affects the level of self-esteem. It is then followed
by Sense of Professional Self-Concept and Self-Confidence. The research results implies that
appreciation and acceptance of ones self comes first since attitude of approval of oneself is the
value that a person puts into his/herself and unto his/her relationship with significant others. It can
also be observed that sense of professional self-concept came second therefore it can also likely to
affect the level of self-esteem among 4th year nursing students. It can be defined as the achievement
of professional knowledge and skill or the development of professional awareness. Lastly, it can be
concluded that confidence in oneself and in ones powers and abilities least likely affects the level of
self-esteem among 4th year nursing students since self-confidence can also be defined as a realistic
trust in ones own judgment, ability and power.
FACTORS AFFECTING SELF

LEVEL OF
SELF
ESTEEM
HIGH

NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE
STUDENTS

AVERAGE

RANK

3.1

2.273

ESTEEM
N=56

16.07%

ATTITTUDE OF APPROVAL
OF ONESELF

NORMAL

32

57.14%

LOW

15

26.79%

TOTAL

56

100.00%

TABLE 1.1
LEVEL OF SELF-ESTEEM AMONG
LEVEL IV NURSING STUDENTS

SELF-CONFIDENCE
.
SENSE OF PROFESSIONAL
SELF-CONCEPT

TABLE 2.4
FACTORS AFFECTING THE LEVEL OF SELF-ESTEEM

The researchers found out that the majority of 4th year

nursing students have a normal self-esteem, thus,
senior student nurses predominantly possess normal
self-esteem. Furthermore, based on the research
findings, among the identified factors: Attitude of
Approval of Oneself, Self-Confidence, and Sense of
Professional Self-Concept; Attitude of Approval of
Oneself has the greatest influence on a senior nursing
students self-esteem. Moreover, certain implications of
self-esteem to professional socialization apply to
students belonging to each level of self-esteem.
Students with normal self-esteem are the respondents
who are seen unafraid of voicing out their opinions,
indicating the notion that they are aware of the value of
their thoughts and are open to clarifications. This
characteristic is one of the most important and
fundamental trait an individual must possess for
achieving optimum satisfaction and success in
engaging professions like Nursing. Seniors with low
self-esteem tend to have difficulty expressing their
thoughts, difficulty in coping up with stress and tend to
doubt themselves.

CONCLUSIONS
The researchers then came up with the conclusion that
senior student nurses predominantly possess normal
self-esteem and that Attitude of Approval of Ones Self
has the greatest influence on a senior nursing
students self-esteem. It is highly recommended that
the findings of the research study be endorsed to the
Office of the Guidance to generate programs and
activities that will help the students empower and raise
awareness of self esteem. Continuous awareness of
self-esteem can also aid the faculty in exploring and
cultivating the students potential abilities and skills
thus providing a high quality education and producing
globally competent and professional nurses.

REFERENCES
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NJ: Princeton University Press.
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et al. Self-esteem and student nurses: a cross-cultural study of nursing
students in Thailand and the UK. Nurs Health Sci. 2002;4(1-2):9-14.
3. SimaGhezelbash (2014) Comparison of Self-Esteem Among First to
Fourth Year Nursing Students From Universities of Medical Sciences in
Tehran
4. SiriphanSasat (2010). Selfesteem and student nurses: A cross cultural
study of nursing students in Thailand and the UK