Antimicrobial for

Odontogenic and Non

Odontogenic

Presented
Anang Prasetiyono

INTRODUCTION
Antibiotic : Drug from Microbial
inhibitory & kill microorganism
Bacteriostatic
Antibiotic
Bactericidal
kontaminasi
Infeksi
Inkubasi

Mode of Action
Antimicrobial & Antibiotic
Inhibitory metabolism : Sulfa, trimetropin
Inhibitory wall synthesis : Penicillin,
Cepalosporin
Inhibitory function cytoplasm
membrane: Antiseptic
Inhibitory protein synthesis : Makrolid,
tetrasiklin
Inhibitory enzyme systems : Rifampicin,
quinolon

Bacteria Responsible
Odontogenic Infection

BACTERIAAEROB

FREK.*

GRAM (+) Cocci

Streptococcusviridans VC

Betahemolity

groupD
R
Staphilococcus
R

BACTERIAANAEROB

GRAM + Cocci
Streptococcus
U

FREK.*

GRAM (-) Bacilli

GRAM ( - ) Bacilli
Haemophilusinfluence
R
Porphyromonas
VC
Klebsiela R
Prevotella

VC
Escherichiacoli R
Fusobacterium
VC
Eikenellacorrodens
U
BacteroidesFragilis
R

VC=verrycommon;C=common;R=rare;U=usual

Principles for choosing

Antiboitic

Indentification of the causative organism

Determination of antibiotic sensitivity
Use of a specific (narrow spectrum AB)
Use of the least toxic AB
Patient Drug history
Use bactericidal than Bacteriostatic drug
Use AB with proven history of succes
Cost AB

PrinciplesofAntiboitic
Administration

ProperDose
ProperTimeInterval
ProperRouteofAdministration
ConsistencyinRouteofAdminstration
CombinationABtherapy

PatientMonitoring
Responetotreatment
Developmentofreaction
Superinfectionandrecurrentinfection

GroupsofAntibiotic
Betalactams:Penicillins,Cepalosporins,
Monobactams,Carbapenems,
Tetracyclines,Vancomycin,Cloramphenicol
Macrolides:Azitrimycin,Claritromycin,
Erytromycin
Quinolon
Nitroimidazole:metronidazole

Antibioticforspecificpathogen

PharmacologyAntibiotic

SpectrumAntimicroba

Penicillin
Sensitive :
Gram ( + ) Streptococcus,
Stapilococcus
Gram ( - ) Coccus
Gram ( + ) bacilli : aerob & anaerob
Bactericidal concentration 0,002-0,5
g/mL
( serum )
Infus 3 6 g / day
serum

0,6 6 g/mL in

Penicillin Class and Pharmacology

Clavulanic acid
Reaction with laktamase
Combination
Amoxillin & Clavulanic acid
Ampicillin & Natrium Sublactam
Amox 500mg +Clavulanic acid 125mg 3,5 3,9
g/mL
Ampicillin 2gr + Natrium Sublactam 1gr

Cephalosporin
Inhibitory wall synthesis
First Generation
Greater for Gram +, laktamase
Cefalexin, Cefadroxil

Second Generation
Wide spectrum ( gram + & Gram - )

Third Generation
Greater gram -, laktamase
Cefriaxon,Cefotaxim

Parenteral 0,5-2 gr 10 40 g/mL

CephalosporinGeneration

DoseforCephalosporins

Erythromycin
Bactericidal High and Bacteriostatic low
concentration
Effective gram +
250mg 1 g/mL
Adult 500mg / 6 hour

Clindamycin
Gram + aerob, Effective anaerobic
300mg 2-3 g/mL
Adult 300mg/ 6 hour & Child 8- 16 mg/kg BB

DoseMacrolides

Doseforpediatric

TERIMA KASIH