TOPIC XII CELLULAR RESPIRATION Standard 18 Matter and Energy Transformations

ITEM SPEC FOR BENCHMARK SC.912.L.18.9: Explain the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and
cellular respiration.
Also assesses:
SC.912.L.18.7 Identify the reactants, products, and basic functions of photosynthesis.
SC.912.L.18.8 Identify the reactants, products, and basic functions of aerobic and anaerobic cellular
respiration.
SC.912.L.18.10 Connect the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to energy transfers within a cell.
Benchmark Clarifications
-Students will explain how the products of photosynthesis are used as reactants for cellular respiration and vice
versa.
-- Students will explain how photosynthesis stores energy in organic compounds and cellular respiration releases
energy from organic compounds.
- Students will identify the reactants, products, and/or the basic function of photosynthesis.
- Students will identify the reactants, products, and/or the basic functions of aerobic and anaerobic cellular
respiration.
- Students will connect the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to energy transfers within the cell.
Content Limits
- Items will not require the memorization of the stages, specific events, or intermediate molecules produced
during these processes.
- Items will not require the balancing of equations.
-Items will not assess plant structures.
Stimulus Attributes
- Scenarios may include chemical equations.
- Scenarios referring to adenosine triphosphate should use the abbreviation ATP rather than the words adenosine
triphosphate.

CO

JUST DO IT NOW

H2
O

Write the chemical equations for

photosynthesis and cellular respiration one
on top of the other one.

Then use a Venn diagram to compare

and contrast them. You must come
up with at least two similarities
(compare) and three differences
(contrast).
O2

2
O
2
1
H
6
C

Benchmark
SC.912.L.18.9: Explain the
interrelated nature of
photosynthesis and cellular
respiration. AA. Also assesses
SC.912.L.18.7; SC.912.L.18.8;
SC.912.L.18.10.

Cellular Respiration
Electrons carried in NADH
Electrons
carried in
NADH and
FADH2

Pyruvic
acid

Glucose

Mr. Victor M. Galdo

Science Dpt.
BTW

Glycolysis

Cytoplasm

Krebs
Cycle

Electron
Transport
Chain

Mitochondrion

Essential Question
Explain, why the statement:
Photosynthesis and cellular
respiration are the fuel for the circle
of life, and how it supports the Law
of Conservation of Energy.
Hint: Use their chemical equations to
support your answer.

Cellular Respiration Videoclip

Cellular Respiration--Releasing stored
energy by breaking down glucose
http://www.copernicusproject.ucr.edu/ssi/HSBiol
ogyResources.htm

The Overall Equation for

Cellular Respiration

Glucose is a common fuel molecule for cellular

respiration.

This is the overall equation for what happens to glucose

during cellular respiration

1.Glucose 2.Oxygen

3.Carbon
dioxide 4.Water 5.Energy

Unnumbered Figure 6.1

Now, which
are the reactants and
which are the products
in the cellular Respiration
equation?

REACTANTS

PRODUCTS

Perform the lab Cellular

respiration at this moment!!!

Provide each student with a handout of the lab

(it is at the end of the power point).
Go over the instructions.
Set up the lab today.
After the lab have been set up, continuo with
the lecture.
Enjoy it

But, what is
cellular respiration?

Breathing

Lungs

Cells

Cellular respiration is the process

that releases E by breaking down
glucose and other food molecules in
the presence of O2.
Cells take the glucose made during
photosynthesis and break it down to
provide energy for the cell in the
form of ATP.
All living things perform some type
of cellular respiration.

Check Point! Check Point!

In which organelle does photosynthesis
occur?

In which organelle does cellular

respiration occur?

Chloroplast

Mitochondrion

Where does cellular respiration

occur?

THE MITOCHONDRIA

Cellular
Respiration

Glycolysis is the first

step of cellular
respiration. It takes
place in the
cytoplasm and does
not require oxygen

There are 2 types of

respiration that can
occur: aerobic
respiration and
Cellular
Respiration anaerobic respiration.
Glycolysis is the 1st
step in both

If there is oxygen it is
aerobic cellular respiration
and happens inside the
Cellular
mitochondria with the Krebs
ANAEROBIC
AEROBIC
cycle
and
the
electron
Respiration
transport chain
If there is no oxygen it is
anaerobic cellular
respiration
,
it
takes
place
in
Fermentation
the cytoplasm, and
FERMENTATION occurs

Anaerobic
Respiration

Anaerobic Respiration
No oxygen
Occurs in cytoplasm
Less ATP produced (b/c no
electron transport chain)

2 Types of Anaerobic respiration:

Alcoholic Fermentation
Pyruvates converted to alcohol
Occurs in Yeast
Glucose Alcohol + CO2

Anaerobic
Respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Pyruvates converted to lactic acid
(pain after exercise)
Occurs in muscle cells
Glucose Lactic Acid+ CO2

Cellular Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
6 O2 + C6H12O6 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
Requires oxygen.
produces a lot of energy
Occurs in mitochondria (eukaryotes) or cell
membranes (prokaryotes)
All organisms except some bacteria perform
aerobic respiration

Cellular Respiration &

Production of Energy (ATP)

The goal of both is to make ATP

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

ATP is the ENERGY currency of the cell.

Sunlight energy
Ecosystem
Glucose
Oxygen

Photosynthesis
(in chloroplasts)
Carbon dioxide
Water

Cellular respiration (in mitochondria)

for cellular work
Heat energy

Figure 6.3

NOTEBOOK: OUTPUT
1) Copy and complete the table that
compares aerobic and anaerobic
respiration.

Closing Activity : Copy and complete the table

Title: ??????????????

Oxygen
required?
Occurs in (part of
the cell)
Glycolysis occurs
ATP yield
Glucose
completely
broke down?
End products

Aerobic
Anaerobic Respiration
respiration in animals in plants and
yeast

EXIT SLIP: NAME_________________________________ Period _____ Date _________

5 POINTS EACH RIGHT ANSWER (5 points of Extra Credit)
1) The starting molecule for cellular respiration is ______________________ (Hint: it is produced during photosynthesis)
2) Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration and label the reactants and the products.
3) Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
4) Complete the table :
TITLE: _________________________________________________________________________
Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
in animals

Is oxygen required for it?

Where on the cell does it take
place? (name the part of the
cell)
Does it start with glycolysis?
ATP yield or produced
Is the glucose molecule
broken down completely?
End products

in plants and yeast

Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic

respiration
Aerobic
respiration

Anaerobic Respiration

yes

no

in plants and
yeast
no

Occurs in (part of
the cell)

mitochondria

cytoplasm

cytoplasm

Glycolysis occurs

yes

yes

yes

Oxygen required?

ATP yield

in animals

38ATP/36NET 4ATP/2NET

yes
Glucose completely
broke down?
CO2 and H2O
End products

no

4ATP/2NET
no

Lactic acid Ethanol and

CO2

Figure 92 Cellular Respiration:

An Overview
Section 9-1

From food to ATP (Video Clip Show 1st)

Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration (Video
Clip - Show 2nd)
RESOURCES SITE (GENERAL SITE FOR
ABOVE VIDEO CLIPS)
http://www.copernicusproject.ucr.edu/ssi/HSB
iologyResources.htm

SUMMARY FOR CELLULAR

RESPIRATION
http://www.scribd.com/doc/968163/Cellular
-Respiration

Cellular Respiration
(Adapted from: State Adopted Prentice Hall Laboratory Manual B)
NGSSS:
SC.912.L.18.9 Explain the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. (AA)
SC.912.L.14.7 Relate the structure of the major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes. (AA)
Background:
All living things undergo respiration. During this process, food molecules are broken down. As part of this process,
animals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide by breathing, which is easily observable. Plants do not breathe
as animals do, so respiration in plants is not as easily observable. How do we know that plants respire?
In this investigation, you will observe the release of carbon dioxide by humans. You also will perform an experiment
to determine whether plants release carbon dioxide as a product of cellular respiration.
Problem Statement: How do organisms release energy from food?
Safety: Wear goggles at all times in the science laboratory. To avoid burns, exercise caution when working with the
hot plate and heated materials. Be careful not to inhale any of the cabbage indicator.
Vocabulary: aerobic respiration, alcoholic fermentation, anaerobic respiration, cellular respiration, electron
transport chain, glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, lactic acid fermentation
Materials (per group):
Distilled water
Straw
Heat-resistant gloves
Hot Plate
Cotton ball
Beakers 500-mL (two)
Test tubes (4)
Purple cabbage leaves or Bromothymol blue
Test tube rack
Slotted spoon (large)
Stoppers
Radish seedlings (10)
Forceps
Aluminum foil
Pre-Lab Questions:
Read the entire investigation. Then, work with a partner to answer the following questions.
1.What hypothesis is Part A of this experiment testing?
2.What is an acid indicator?
3.When the cabbage is mixed with the boiling water, what color do you expect the water to turn?
4.In Part B, why is nothing added to one of the test tubes containing cabbage indicator?
5.What special safety note should you observe when you blow through the straw.

1. Write a hypothesis to the problem statement above.

2. Tear the purple cabbage into small pieces. Place the cabbage pieces into one of the beakers.
3. Pour about 300 mL of distilled water into the other beaker. Using the hot plate, heat the water until it boils.
CAUTION: Put on safety goggles. Be careful when working with the hot plate.
4. Put on heat-resistant gloves. Pour the hot distilled water into the bowl that contains the cabbage. CAUTION: Be careful
when working with heated materials to avoid burns. Allow the water to cool. Remove the heat-resistant gloves. The water will
turn purplish-blue in color when mixed with the cabbage.
5. Using the slotted spoon, remove the cabbage pieces and discard them according to your teachers directions. Save the
liquid to use as an acid indicator. Its color will change from purplish-blue to reddish-blue when it is mixed with an acid. When
carbon dioxide combines with water, it forms a weak acid called carbonic acid.
6. Pour some of the cabbage indicator into 2 test tubes so that each is half full. Cover one test tube completely with aluminum
foil.
7. Use a straw to blow a few times into the uncovered test tube, as shown in Figure 1. CAUTION: Be sure not to inhale any of
the cabbage indicator. Observe any changes in the color of the cabbage indicator in both test tubes. Record your observations
in the Data Table.

8. Pour some of the cabbage indicator into 2 test tubes so that they are one-quarter full.
9. Place a cotton ball and 10 radish seedlings in one test tube. See Figure 2. Place a stopper in both test tubes. Place the test
tubes in a test-tube rack and set them aside for 24 hours.

er 24 hours, observe the test tubes. Record your observations in the Data Table.

Data Analysis:
1. Observing: Did the color of the cabbage indicator (or bromothymol blue) change when you exhaled into the test tube?
Explain why.
2. Observing: Did the color of the cabbage indicator (or bromothymol blue) change in the test tube that contained the radish
seedlings? Explain the reason.
3. Comparing and Contrasting: Compare the reaction that occurred in the test tube that contained the radish seedlings with
the one that occurred in the test
tube into which you exhaled. How are they similar?
4. Inferring: Did respiration occur in this experiment? Explain your answer.
Results/Conclusions:
1.Was your hypothesis correct or incorrect? Explain your answer in detail.
2.Why is the process of cellular respiration common to all forms of life?
3.Why do most living things take in oxygen?
Each student will complete a formal lab report following the guidelines on the Parts of a Lab Report: A Step-by-Step
Checklist
Observations/Data: Test Tube

Description

Color of Cabbage Indicator