ABES ENGINEERING COLLEGE

GHAZIABAD
INDUSTRIAL

SUMMER TRAINING PRESENTATTION

SESSION

2015-16

COMPLETED AT ELECTRIC LOCO SHED GHAZIABAD

SUBMITTED TO:
MR. MAYANK KUSHWAHA
(ASTT. PROFESSOR)

SUBMITTED BY:
PALASH AWASTHI

1203240100

PRESENTATION AT A GLANCE

HISTORY
MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENTS AT LOCOSHED
MAINTENANCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF LOCOS
PANTOGRAPH
WHEEL AND AXLE ASSEMBLY
AIR BRAKE SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES

WHAT IS LOCO AND LOCO SHED?

Loco is the engine of the loco motives .

It consists of two bogies i.e. 12 wheels .
The driver also drives the train in the loco.
The place at which the maintenance of locos
is done, known as loco shed depending upon
type of locos they are termed as electric loco
or diesel loco sheds.

HISTORY

1st Electric locomotive was built by

aScotsman,Robert Davidson ofAberdeenin
1837 & powered bybatteries.
1st Electric passenger train was presented by
Werner von SiemensatBerlinin 1879. Driven by
a 2.2kW motor & reached a maximum speed of
13km/h

CONTINUED

Locomotives in Indiaconsist ofelectric and diesel

locomotives. Locomotives are also calledlocosorengines.
Anelectric locomotiveis alocomotivepowered by
electricity fromoverhead lines, an on-board energy storage
device such as a chemicalbatteryorfuel cell
Electricity is used to eliminate smoke and take advantage
of the high efficiency of electric motors.
Electric Loco Shed was set in 1976 by Railway
Electrification Organisation (8910 SQ. MTRS).
INITIAL COST
Rs. 1.5 (IN CRORES)
PRESENT LOCO HOLDING
185

MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENTS

M-1 :WHEEL MAINTENANCE

M-2: BODY REPAIRING
M-3:PENTOGRAPH
M-5:BRAKES
M-5: COMPRESSORS

LOCOS MAINTENANCE AT SHED

Ghaziabad electric loco shed serves the Delhi area. It

houses and maintains India's fastest locomotives
which are mostly used in Rajdhani, Shatabdi and
Duronto Expresses. It holds 47 WAP-1 locos as of
2008. It also has WAP-4, WAP-5, WAP-7 and WAG-5
locos.
"W" means broad gauge. "A" mean AC electric
traction motive power. "P" means suitable for
Passenger service. "5" denotes that this locomotive
is chronologically the fifth electric locomotive model
used by the railways for passenger service

PANTOGRAPH

Now a days many locos are running through

Electricity with the help of OHE line.
A pantograph is a device that collects electric
current from overhead lines for electric trains or
trams.
Pantograph is used to connect the loco with OHE line
Pantograph draws 25 KV of electricity from OHE line,
which is very high AC voltage.

CONTINUED.

It is spring loaded and pushes a contact shoe up

against the contact wire to draw the electricity
needed to run the train.
Pantographs are typically operated by compressed
air from the vehicle's braking system, either to raise
the unit and hold it against the conductor .

HOW DOES A PANTOGRAPH PERFORMS

WHEEL AND AXLE ASSEMBLY

This is the part which is just adjacent to the tracks.
It basically consists of four main parts
a) Wheel
b) Axle
c) Bearing and Housing
WHEEL
Wheel is specifically made cylindrical portion
having an outer edge shape to fit in the railway
track. The material is stainless steel.

CONTINUED

AXLE

Axle is the main long cylindrical bar on which

wheels are fixed with the help of bearings. This is
also made of stainless steel as above. Each axle
contains 2 wheels, the brake cylinders are also
attached to it and in case of coaches, the braking
discs are fixed on to the axle.

COMPONENTS OF WHEEL AXLE ASSEMBLY

Two brake disks (4), diameter 640 mm and width 110

mm.
In built slack adjusting brake cylinder fitted
Two wheel disc of tread diameter 915 (New), 845
(worn) .

AXLE BEARINGS

A taper roller cartridge type bearing is used and it

makes up a preassembled unit. The axle bearings on
the bogie are fitted with sensors for detecting speed
(whose signal is elaborated by the ant slipping
system) and a current return device.
The ends of the control arms are fitted with
centering devices for the primary suspension spring
assembly. The bearing lubricating plug is fitted in the
lower part.

CONTINUED

1. Double cup
2. Sealing system
3. Backing ring
AXLE BEARING LONGITUDINAL SECTION

AIR BRAKE SYSTEM

In Air Brake system compressed air is

used for operating the brake system.
The locomotive compressor charges the
feed pipe and the brake pipes
throughout the length of the train. The
feed pipe is connected to the auxiliary
reservoirs and the brake pipe is
connected to the brake cylinders
through the distributor valve.

COMPONENTS OF AIR BRAKE SYSTEM

Brake Container (Brake Equipment Panel)

or Pressure Tanks (125 litres, 75 litres, 6 litres)
Indicators
Distributor valve
B.P./F.P. Couplings and Hoses
Emergency Brake Pull Box
Emergency Brake valve
Bogie Brake Equipment, consisting ofBrake Discs
Speed Sensor/Pulse Generator

TYPES OF AIR BRAKE SYSTEM

Straight air brake: In the air brake's simplest form, called
thestraight air system, compressed air pushes on apistonin a
cylinder. The piston is connected through mechanical linkage to
brake shoesthat can rub on the train wheels, using the resulting
friction to slow the train. The mechanical linkage can become quite
elaborate, as it evenly distributes force from one pressurized air
cylinder to 8 or 12 wheels.
The pressurized air comes from an air compressor in the locomotive
and is sent from car to car by a train linemade up of pipes beneath
each car and hoses between cars. The principal problem with the
straight air braking system is that any separation between hoses and
pipes causes loss of air pressure and hence the loss of the force
applying the brakes. This could easily cause a runaway train. Straight
air brakes are still used on locomotives, although as a dual circuit
system, usually with eachbogie(truck) having its own circuit.

WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE

CONTINUED

In order to design a system without the

shortcomings of the straight air system,
Westinghouse invented a system wherein each piece
of railroad rolling stock was equipped with an
air reservoirand atriple valve, also known as
acontrol valve
The triple valve is described as being so named as it
performs three functions: Charging air into an air
tank ready to be used, applying the brakes, and
releasing them

BRAKE APPLICATION

The driver lowers the Break Pipe pressure by engaging

the A-9 valve in the engine.
This loss in pressure is transmitted from one bogey to
the next.
Since cylinder pressure remains same, the main
diaphragm(above the cylinder) moves up in response to
the pressure drop in Distributor Valve.
As a result the three pressure valve opens the AR
Brake Cylinder port .
Thus the AR pressure of 6 kg/cm^2 flows into the
Brake Cylinder through pressure limiters which reduces
BC pressure to 3.8.

BRAKE RELEASE

BP pressure is again increased to 5 kg/cm2.

Consequently, main diaphragm move down
and the three pressure valve closes the ARBC port and opens the BC- atm port.
BC pressure is released and the brake caliper
is disengaged.

ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES

Electric engines do not produce much heat and

noise.
Electric engines are therefore easier to maintain
whereas the moving parts of a diesel engine require
constant maintenance.
The simple nature of the electric engine makes them
efficient and powerful.
Electric engines are light weight, constituting only
motors and wheel axles, and have almost no moving
parts.
Do Not Produce Smock.

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