Alat-alat proses KIMIA

Oleh: Irfan Farid

NPM: 3335140206

REAKTOR KIMIA

Packed/Fixed
bed reaktor
(PBR).
Terdiri

dari satu
pipa/lebih berisi
tumpukan katalis
stasioner dan
dioperasikan
vertikal. Biasanya
dioperasikan
secara adiabatis.

Fluidized bed reaktor

(FBR)

Reaktor dimana katalisnya

terangkat oleh aliran gas
reaktan.
Operasinya: isotermal.
Perbedaan dengan Fixed
bed: pada Fluidized bed
jumlah katalis lebih sedikit
dan katalis bergerak
sesuai kecepatan aliran
gas yang masuk serta FBR
memberikan luas
permukaan yang lebih
besar dari PBR

HEAT EXCHANGER

Alat

penukar panas atau Heat

Exchanger (HE)
Alat penukar panas atau Heat
Exchanger (HE) adalah alat yang
digunakan untuk memindahkan panas
dari sistem ke sistem lain tanpa
perpindahan massa dan bisa berfungsi
sebagai pemanas maupun sebagai
pendingin. Biasanya, medium pemanas
dipakai adalah air yang dipanaskan
sebagai fluida panas dan air biasa
sebagai air pendingin (cooling water).

Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers. This exchanger usually

consists of two concentric
pipes with the inner pipe plain or finned, as shown in Figure
below. One fluid
flows in the inner pipe and the other fluid flows in the annulus
between pipes in a
counterflow direction for the ideal highest performance for the
given surface area.

Fluidized-Bed Heat
Exchangers. In a
fluidized-bed heat
exchanger, one side of
a two-fluid exchanger is
immersed in a bed of
finely divided solid
material, such as a
tube bundle immersed in
a bed of sand or coal
particles, as shown in
Figure. If the
upward fluid velocity on
the bed side is low, the
solid particles will remain
fixed in
position in the bed and
the fluid will flow through
the interstices of the bed.

Shell-and-Tube
Exchangers. This
exchanger, shown in
Figure, is generally
built of a bundle of round
tubes mounted in a
cylindrical shell with the
tube axis parallel
to that of the shell. One
fluid flows inside the
tubes, the other flows
across and along the
tubes.

Gasketed Plate Heat

Exchangers
Basic Construction. The
plate-and-frame or gasketed
plate heat exchanger (PHE)
consists of a number of thin
rectangular metal plates
sealed around the edges by
gaskets and held together
in a frame as shown in Fig.
1.16. The frame usually has
a fixed end cover
(headpiece) fitted with
connecting ports and a
movable end cover
(pressure plate,
follower, or tailpiece). In the
frame, the plates are
suspended from an upper
carrying
bar and guided by a bottom
carrying bar to ensure
proper alignment.

SEPARATOR