N

I
A
R
D
N
I
A
BR

 BRAIN DRAIN MEANING

TYPES OF BRAIN DRAIN
REASONS
CONSEQUENCES AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS?
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

 BRAIN DRAIN = HUMAN CAPITAL FLIGHT

MOROCCO RANKS THIRD GLOBALLY FOR BRAIN DRAIN
THIS PHENOMENON IS AN ECONOMIC COST

TYPES OF BRAIN DRAIN:

ORGANIZATIONAL
GEOGRAPHICAL
INDUSTRIAL

REASONS:
PUSH FACTORS
PULL FACTORS

PUSH REASONS:
1) UNDER EMPLOYMENT.
2) ECONOMIC UNDER DEVELOPMENT.
3) LOW WAGE/SALARY.
4) POLITICAL INSTABILITY.
5) OVER PRODUCTION AND UNDER UTILIZATION.
6) LACK OF RESEARCH AND OTHER FACILITIES.
7) LACK OF FREEDOM.

PULL REASONS:
1) BETTER ECONOMIC PROSPECTS.
2) HIGHER SALARY AND INCOME.
3) BETTER LEVEL OF LIVING AND WAY OF LIFE.
4) BETTER RESEARCH FACILITIES.
5) PRESTIGE OF FOREIGN TRAINING.
6) INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM.

Lessthan2%

Lessthan5%

Lessthan10%

Lessthan20%

Over20%

Notincluded

NEGATIVE EFFECTS:
MIGRATION EVEN BROADENS THE GAP BETWEEN THE RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES.
LOSS OF TALENT BY THE COUNTRY IS THE MEASURE LIMITATION OF THE BRAIN DRAIN.
GOVERNMENT LOSE A LOT OF MONEY TO EDUCATE THEM AND OTHER COUNTRIES BENEFIT FROM THEIR
SKILLS.

POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS:
GOOD GOVERNANCE AT THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LEVEL.
OFFERING HIGHER WAGES FOR `INSIDERS` ACCORDING TO THEIR QUALIFICATIONS IS ESSENTIAL.
EDUCATION PLAYS A POWERFUL ROLE ESPECIALLY IN THE GROWING PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL
MIGRATION.

BE MOROCCAN .SUPPORT MOROCCO !