Chapter 6-1

MANAGING ISD OPERATIONAL TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT

OVERVIEW
All technologies that process,
store and deliver data and
information must be managed as
integrated systems of
organizational resources (IRM
philosophy)

Managing
technologies
is a primary
responsibility
of the CIO on
all IT services

Technology management
covered:

Network
management
Advanced
technology
management

MAIN ACTIVITIES IN
MANAGING TECHNOLOGIES

Understanding of
trends in
technology of
hardware and
software

Evaluating the
merging
technologies

Recommending
the high potential
payoffs
technology

Continuous
support until the
technology is
replaced by new
emerging
technology

The technology
personnel must
be employed and
trained

NETWORK MANAGEMENT
Managing the
companys networking
access

Internet,
intranets,
extranet, WAN
and LAN

Require

Major
commitment of
hardware and
software
resources
The creation of
managerial and
staff positions
to manage their
use

Responsible for
overseeing the quality
of the network and
telecommunication
services in the
organization

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
MANAGEMENT

Managing advanced
technology is to
identify, introduce and
monitor the adaption
of new information
system technologies
into the organization
especially those with
a high payoff potential

It is important to the
organization as it
gives a major impact
on the operations,
costs, management
work environment and
competitive position

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
MANAGEMENT
A group of
senior SA
and IST
specialist
who report to
CIO, called
as:

Technology
management

Emerging
technologies, or

Advanced
technology
group

Will, monitor
the emerging
technological
and

identify
innovative
developments to
the organization

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
MANAGEMENT

They work with

end-user
managers and
information service
management to
introduce new
technologies to the
organization

They also audit the

organizations
current
applications of
technology for
improvement

TRENDS IN COMPUTER
SYSTEMS
Major
Major changes
changes
and trends in
computer
computer
systems
systems have
have
occurred
occurred and
and
will
will continue
continue

Computer become smaller, faster

more reliable, cheaper to purchase
and maintain and more
interconnected within computer
networks

Early 1950s
- 1stst
generation
computing
Late 1960s
nd
- 2nd
generation
computing
1970s
generation
computing

rd
- 3rd

1980s and
1990s
- 4thth
generation
computing
21stst century
- 5thth
generation
computing

TYPES OF COMPUTER
SYSTEMS

Micro computer
systems
Handheld to fit on a
desktop for personal
productivity

Midrange
computer system

Mainframe
computer system

Midsize general
purpose business

Large general
purpose business
and government

Supercomputers
Very huge for
scientific research

OTHER TYPES OF COMPUTER

SYSTEMS

Network computers
(thin client)

Portable computers
Notebook computers
Tablet PCs
Handheld computers
PDA
Pocket PC
Cell phone

INPUT TECHNOLOGY TRENDS

1stst generation - punched
cards and paper tape

The input trend is

moving toward direct
input devices that are
more natural and easy
to use

nd generation
2nd
- punched
cards

rd generation
3rd
- key to tape
and /or disk

4thth generation - keyboard

data entry, pointing devices
and optical scanning

5thth generation - voice

recognition, touch devices
and handwriting recognition

INPUT DEVICES OPTIONS

Terminals which connected to a complete computer system

Keyboard, touchpad, mouse

Speech recognition technology

Digital camera

Scanning devices
Optical data readers:

optical mark recognition (OMR)

Optical character recognition (OCR)

INPUT DEVICES OPTIONS

Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) devices
Magnetic stripe card
Point of sale devices
Automated teller machine (ATM) devices
Pen input devices
Touch sensitive screen
Bar code scanners
Radio frequency identification

OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
TRENDS
1stst generation punched cards,
printed reports and documents

The trends toward

direct output methods
that communicate
naturally, quickly, and
clearly

nd generation punched cards,

2nd
printed reports and documents

rd generation printed reports

3rd
& documents, and video
displays

4thth generation video displays,

audio responses, printed
reports and documents

5thth generation video displays,

voice responses, hyperlinked
multimedia documents

OUTPUT DEVICES OPTIONS

Display monitors or CRT

Plasma displays
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs)
Organic Light-emitting Diodes (OLED)
Printers and Plotters
Digital audio player eg MP3

STORAGE TECHNOLOGY
TRENDS

Data and information must be stored until

needed using variety of storage methods
categorized as primary and secondary
storage

STORAGE DEVICES OPTIONS

Hard disk
Magnetic tape
Magnetic disks
Redundant array of independent/inexpensive disks (RAID)
Virtual tape
Optical discs eg. Compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)
Digital video disc
Holographic disc

ENTERPRISE STORAGE
OPTIONS

Attached storage
storage devices are connected directly to a single computer

Network attached storage (NAS)

Storage devices that attach to a network instead of to a single
computer

Storage area network (SAN)

The technology that provides high-speed connections between
data-storage devices and computers over a network

Is a program that manage

the hardware, software,
network and data
resources of the
computer system during
its execution of the
various information
processing jobs of users

SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
PROGRAM

Operating Systems (DOS/Windows

95/NT/2000/XP/Profesional/Vista/2007)

Network Management Programs (Novell

Netware/ Windows NT/ IBM OS2)

Database Management System

(Microsoft Access/MySQL/Oracle)

Other system management program

includes performance monitors and
security monitors (Windows NT Server

POPULAR OSs
Personal

Workgroup

Enterprise

Microsoft Windows
Vista, XP, Mobile,
Automotive, Embedded

Microsoft Windows
Server 2003 and
server 2008

Microsoft Windows
Server 2003 and
server 2008

Mac OS X

Mac OS X Server

UNIX

UNIX

UNIX

Solaris

Solaris

Solaris

Linux

Linux

Linux

Red Hat Linux

Red Hat Linux

Red Hat Linux

Palm OS

Netware
IBM i5/OS and z/OS

IBM i5/OS and z/OS

HP-UX 11i

HP-UX 11i

The trends is toward

multipurpose, network
enabled, expert-assisted
packages with natural
language and graphical
user interfaces

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMS

1st generation
- user
written programs and
machine languages

2nd generation packaged

programs and symbolic
languages

3rd generation operating

systems and high level
languages

4th generation database

management system, 4th
languages and
microcomputer packages

5th generation natural &

object oriented languages,
and multipurpose graphicinterface, network enabled
and expert assisted
packages

TYPES PF COMPUTER
SOFTWARE

Application software

System software

Is divided into application

specific and general
purpose application
program

Consists of programs that

manage and support a
computer system and its
information processing
activities

BUSINESS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS

Telecommunications is the
exchange of information in
voice, data, text and images
forms over computer based
networks

The business applications of

telecommunications can be
divided into three major
categories:
Enterprise collaboration systems
Electronic commerce system
Internal business system

MAJOR TRENDS IN BUSINESS

TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Industry trends

Technology trends

Towards a greater number of

competitive vendors, carriers,
alliances, and network services

Towards the use of internet and

other open and interconnected
local and global information
superhighway system

Application trends
Towards the intensive use of the
internet, enterprise intranets and
inter organizational extranets to
support electronic commerce,
enterprise collaboration, online
business operation.