Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Urban Planning
History of Urban
Planning
History of Urban Planning, a
technical and political process
concerned with the use of land
and design of the urban
environment, including air,
water, and the infrastructure
passing into and out of urban
areas such as transportation and
distribution networks.
Pre-Classical
Classical and Medieval Europe
Renaissance Europe (1300
1600)
Enlightenment Europe
Modern Urban Planning
o Garden City Movement
o Modernism
o New Towns
New Urbanism
PRE-CLASSICAL
PERIOD
(Harrapan)
Town Planning
Features:
1. Citadel and
Lower Town
2. Streets
3. Great Bath
4. Town Hall
5. Drainage
System
6. Houses
7. Granaries
MESOPOTAMIA
Hammurabi(17th century BC)
o King of thebabylonian empirewho
madebabylonone of the greatest cities
inantiquity
o Rebuilt babylon, building and restoring
temples, city walls and public
buildings, and building canals for
irrigation
o The streets of babylon were wide and
straight, intersected approximately at
right angles, and were paved with
bricks andbitumen.
o Babylon was the largest city in the
world from c. 1770 to 1670B.C.E
CLASSICAL and
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Graeco-Roman Period
Hippodamus of Miletus
the first town planner and inventor of the
orthogonal urban layout
Hippodamus of
Miletus
Turin
- Preserve the remains of these schemes,
which show the very logical way the
Romans designed their cities
- Streets were laid out at right angles, in
the form of a square grid.
- All roads were equal in width and length,
except for two, which were slightly wider
than the others. (One ran eastwest, the
other, northsouth, and intersected in the
middle to form the centre of the grid).
- Each square marked by four roads was
called an insula, the Roman equivalent of a
modern city block.
- Each insula was 80 yards (73m) square,
with the land within it divided
Middle Ages
Urban development in the early Middle
Ages:
characteristically
focused on a
fortress, a fortified abbey, or a
(sometimes abandoned) Roman
nucleus, occurred "like the annular
rings of a tree", whether in an
extended village or the centre of a
larger city.
Todi
inItalyhas been
world's most livable city."
where man and nature,
tradition come together to
called "the
It is a place
history and
create a site
Elburg
in
Netherlands
the
RENAISSANCE
EUROPE
(1300 1600)
ENLIGHTENMENT
EUROPE
Baron Georges-Eugne
Haussmanns reconstruction in
Paris, 1852.
Haussmann's project
encompassed all aspects of urban
planning, both in the centre of
Paris and in the surrounding
districts, with regulations
imposed on building faades,
public parks, sewers and water
works, city facilities, and public
monuments.
According
toarchaeologi
sts, the urban
sector
of
Machu Picchu
was
divided
into
three
great districts:
the
Sacred
District,
the
Popular
District to the
south, and the
District
of
the
Priests
and
the
Nobility
Influences of
Urban Planning