CHAPTER 14

Managing
Technological
Resources
14.1

Prentice Hall 2002

THE DATA RESOURCE

DATA A MAJOR ORGANIZATIONAL
RESOURCE
MANAGE DATA & KNOWLEDGE AS
STRATEGIC RESOURCE
DATA ASSET ONLY IF AVAILABLE
WHEN NEEDED
RESPONSIBILITY OF EVERY USERMANAGER
*
14.2

Prentice Hall 2002

KEY PRINCIPLES IN
MANAGING DATA
1. NEED TO MANAGE DATA IS
PERMANENT
2. DATA MAY EXIST AT SEVERAL
LEVELS
3. KEEP APPLICATION SOFTWARE
SEPARATE FROM DATABASE
*
14.3

Prentice Hall 2002

KEY PRINCIPLES IN
MANAGING DATA
4. APPLICATION SOFTWARE CLASSIFIED
AS TO HOW THEY TREAT DATA: Data
capture, data transfer, data analysis &
presentation

5. APPLICATION SOFTWARE
CONSIDERED DISPOSABLE
6. DATA SHOULD BE CAPTURED ONCE
7. SET STRICT DATA STANDARDS
*
14.4

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DATA PYRAMID
STRATEGIC
DATABASE
S

TRANSFE
R
SYSTEMS

CAPTUR
E
SYSTEM
S
14.5

ANALYSIS &
PRESENTATION
MANAGERIAL

OPERATIONAL
TRANSACTIO
N DATA

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CATEGORIES OF
INFORMATION PROCESSING
RAW DATA CAPTURED/RECEIVED
INSPECTED FOR QUALITY
DATA USED IN AUTHORIZED
INFORMATION PRODUCT
DATA RETRIEVED WHEN NEEDED
OBSOLETE DATA REPLACED
SECURE & UNCONTAMINATED
*
14.6

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TYPES OF DATA STANDARDS

IDENTIFIER: Unique value for each business
entity

NAMING: Unique name or label for each type of

data

DEFINITION: Unambiguous description for each

type of data

INTEGRITY RULE: Specify legitimate values for

a data type

USAGE RIGHTS: Security clearances for a data

type

*
14.7

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ASSET MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

PLAN
SOURCE
ACQUIRE & MAINTAIN
DEFINE/DESCRIBE & INVENTORY
ORGANIZE & MAKE ACCESSIBLE
CONTROL QUALITY & INTEGRITY
*
14.8

Prentice Hall 2002

ASSET MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

PROTECT & SECURE
ACCOUNT FOR USE
RECOVER/RESTORE & UPGRADE
DETERMINE RETENTION &
DISPOSAL
TRAIN & CONSULT FOR EFFECTIVE
USE
*
14.9

Prentice Hall 2002

DATA WAREHOUSE
NEW
APPLICATIONS
SYSTEMS

STATISTICAL
TOOLS
OPERATIONAL
STORE

LEGACY
APPLICATIONS
SYSTEMS
DATA
CAPTURIN
G&
PROCESSI
NG
14.10

DATA
WAREHOUSE
OTHER
TOOLS

DATA
CLEANSIN
G;
SECURITY
ISSUES

SINGLE
DATA
ENTERPRISE
ANALYSIS &
DATA
PRESENTATI
REPOSITORY;
ON
ORGANIZED
FOR ANALYSIS
Prentice Hall 2002

DATA OWNERSHIP
NEED TO PROTECT PERSONAL
PRIVACY
NEED TO PROTECT TRADE
SECRETS
REQUIREMENT TO ALLOW ONLY
THOSE WITH NEED TO KNOW
ACCESS TO SENSITIVE MATERIAL
*
14.11

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DATA OWNERSHIP
DESIRE TO PROMOTE INTERNAL
COMPETITION, JUSTIFY USE OF
SCARCE RESOURCES
DESIRE TO SHOW COMMITMENT
TO DATA OWNERSHIP
DESIRE TO USE INFORMATION AS
POWER FOR POLITICAL GAIN
*
14.12

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TRANSBORDER DATA FLOWS

ELECTRONIC DATA MOVEMENT ACROSS

NATIONAL BOUNDARIES CONTROLLED
BY LEGISLATION:
PREVENT ECONOMIC/CULTURAL
IMPERIALISM
PROTECT DOMESTIC INDUSTRY
PROTECT INDIVIDUAL PRIVACY
FOSTER INTERNATIONAL TRADE
*

14.13

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DATA ADMINISTRATION
PROMOTE & CONTROL DATA
SHARING
ANALYZE IMPACT ON APPLICATIONS
OF CHANGES IN DATA DEFINITIONS
MAINTAIN DATA DICTIONARY:
Consistent encyclopedia of data
names, definitions, uses
*
14.14

Prentice Hall 2002

DATA ADMINISTRATION
REDUCE REDUNDANT DATA &
PROCESSING
REDUCE SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
COSTS, IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY
IMPROVE QUALITY & SECURITY OF
DATA
INSURE DATA INTEGRITY
*
14.15

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DATABASE
ADMINISTRATION (DBA)
TUNE DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
SELECT & EVALUATE DATABASE
TRAINING
CONTROL PHYSICAL DATABASE
DESIGN
DESIGN METHODS TO RECOVER FROM
DATABASE DAMAGE
*
14.16

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DATABASE
ADMINISTRATION (DBA)
SUPERVISE PLACEMENT OF
DATABASES ON COMPUTERS &
STORAGE DEVICES
MANAGE INTERFACE OF
DATABASES WITH
TELECOMMUNICATIONS &
OTHER TECHNOLOGY
*
14.17

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DATA STEWARD
ESTABLISHES PROCEDURES GOVERNING DATA
ELEMENTS
ESTABLISHES ACCESS AUTHORIZATION
PROCEDURES
DETERMINES & EVALUATES MOST RELIABLE
SOURCES OF DATA
MAKES DATA DICTIONARY UNDERSTANDABLE
TO USERS
ENSURES THAT ONLY NEEDED VERSIONS OF
EACH DATA ELEMENT EXIST
*
14.18

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DATA STEWARD
ENSURES DATA USED IS MOST
APPROPRIATE VERSION
ASSIGNS RESPONSIBILITIES FOR DATA
INTEGRITY
RESOLVES CONFLICTS CONCERNING
SHARABLE DATA
CONSULTS WITH USERS ON USE OF
ELECTRONIC DATA
*

14.19

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TOOLS FOR MANAGING DATA

1. DATA MODELING:
ENTERPRISE MODELING
VIEW INTEGRATION
2. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS:
RELATIONAL DBMS: Allows user to filter data with
specific properties
STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUAGE
3. DATA DICTIONARY/DIRECTORY: A database about
data, provides standard names, characteristics, uses

*
14.20

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INFRASTRUCTURE
MANAGEMENT ISSUES
1. LOCATION
2. THE WORKSTATION
3. SUPPORTING OPERATING
SYSTEMS
4. REDUNDANCY
5. SUPPORTING COMMUNICATIONS
PROTOCOLS
*
14.21

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INFRASTRUCTURE
MANAGEMENT ISSUES
6. BANDWIDTH
7. RESPONSE TIME ON NETWORK
8. SECURITY vs EASE OF ACCESS
9. BREADTH OF NETWORK ACCESS
10. ACCESS TO EXTERNAL DATA
SERVICES
*
14.22

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APPLICATIONS PORTFOLIO
MANAGEMENT ISSUES
1.

ASSUMED USER: Skills? Interfaces?

Needed software?

2. APPLICATION LOCATION: Centralized

shareable resource, or stand-alone?

3. PROCESS-DRIVEN OR DATA-DRIVEN
DESIGN
4. EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR NEW
APPLICATIONS SYSTEMS
*
14.23

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ROLE OF USER-MANAGER
1.

MAKE POSITION CLEAR ON CRITICAL

INFRASTRUCTURAL MANAGEMENT
ISSUES
2. TAKE ACTIVE ROLE IN DATA
STEWARDSHIP
3. TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR FOLLOWING
POLICIES
4. DEMAND QUALITY IS ASSET
MANAGEMENT
*
14.24

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CHAPTER 14

Managing
Technological
Resources
14.25

Prentice Hall 2002