Paper Chromatography

CHE 111 - Lab 2

When you come in, put all of your belongings

(backpacks, electronics, coats, drinks, phones,

etc.) in the back cubbies.
Make sure you sign-in.
Hand in completed Lab 1 reports.
Hand in flow charts for Paper
Chromatography.
Hand this work in now. I wont accept it once
lab starts.
If you dont have your flow chart, you arent
doing the lab.

Due Next Week:

Paper Chromatography Data,

Calculations, and Post-Lab Questions

(Pg.s: 18 20)
Flow Chart for Lab 3 Determining the

Mole Ratios in a Chemical Reaction

Lab Corrections pg. 12

Change to four

4. Red No. 3 and Red No.

40

Add this.

Lab Corrections pg. 13

Everyone is using
20% ethanol as
their third
solvent.

Chromatography

Definitions
Chromatography separates the components of a

mixture by using a non-moving stationary phase and

a moving mobile phase.
Compound (Mixture) is placed on stationary phase.
Mobile phase travels through the stationary phase.
Mobile phase solubilizes mixture components.
Mobile phase carries the individual components a

certain distance through the stationary phase,

depending on their attraction to both of the phases.

Paper Chromatography
se
a
Ph
ry r)
a
ion ape
t
a (P
St

Liquid MP
moves up
through
paper SP
by
capillary
action.
(liquid)

Paper Chromatography
Example

etting up your chromatography paper pg. 14

7 known dyes

B1

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

G3

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

4 binary mixtures

Part 1.

B1
G3

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

B1
G3

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

B1
G3

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

Watch glass

Beaker

Solvent level
below pencil
line.

Solvent #1 =

Stapled
Chromatograp
hy
Paper

Solvent #2 =
0.10 wt. % NaCl

Solvent #3
= 20%

Part. 1

Mobile phase will travel up

through stationary phase.

When MP is
~1.5 cmfrom
the top of the
paper, remove
paper cylinder
from beaker.
Take staples
out and lay on
paper towel.

Once you lay your paper out:

Mark with
pencil where
solvent
stops
traveling.

B1
G3

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

Samples will look like

smears. Mark the
center of each smear.
For mixtures, mark the
center of each
different colored

Measuring the Rf

Part 1. Analysis

B1
G3

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

B1
G3

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

B1
G3

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

Which solvent provided the best

separation of your mixtures?

B2/Y5

B1/R40

B1/Y6

R3/R40

Part. 2
Use the best solvent from part 1. to do

part 2.
For part 2. you need to set up a 4th piece

of chromatography paper just like below:

Spot your 7 known dyes.

B1

B2

Y5

Y6

R3

R40

G3

Spot 2 Unknowns

Unknown 1

Unknown 2

Part. 2

Use the best solvent

from part 1 to develop
this chromatograph.

Part. 2 Analysis
You will be able to determine which dyes

are in your unknown samples by

comparing the Rf values you calculate.

A few more things:

Share a spot plate with the person next to you.

Label wells by writing on paper towel underneath the spot plate.

Waste Disposal and Safety

Water and salt solutions can go down

drain.
Ethanol must be disposed of in separate

waste container.
Keep your goggles and gloves on at all

times.