Mount Pinatubo

Philippines

Location : Luzon, Philippines

Last Known Eruption: 1992
Elevation: 1486 m / 4874 ft
Latitude: 15.13N
Longitude : 120.35E
Volcanic status : Active
Types : Stratovolcano

Geological History
Mount Pinatubo is located at the plate boundaries
between Eurasian Plate and Philippines plate. It has two
distinct
Ancestral
was a
partsPinatubo
eruptive history.
The modern Pinatubo is
stratovolcano made

ofandesiteanddacite. It
was centered where the
modern Pinatubo
currently stands. It may
have risen as high as
7,550 ft (2300 m) above
sea level at one time.
Remains of a 2.2 by 2.8
mile (3.5 by 4.5 km)
widecaldera from the
old Pinatubo are still
standing in the area

a dome complex and

stratovolcano made of
dacite and andesite.
The explosive eruption
ofJune, 15th 1991
ejected massive
amounts of tephra and
produced voluminous
pyroclastic flows,
forming a small, 2.5 km
wide summit caldera
whose floor is now

Pinatubos Largest Eruption

On July 5th 1990 the 7.7 Luzon Earthquakes
occurred,
which struck 100km northeast of Mount Pinatubo.
The most destructive volcanic eruptions of the 20 th
century occurred at Pinatubo in June, 15th 1991.
After lying dormant for almost 500 years, it erupts a
thick deposites of volcanic bombs (tephra),
pyroclastic flows, lahar, ash cloud eruption which
reached 22 miles above the crater.
The eruption removed so much magma and rock
from below the volcano that the summit collapsed
to form a large volcanic depression or caldera.

 Pinatubo typically erupts large quantities of relatively

cool ashand dacitemagma.
It follows that a large, shallowmagma
chamberexists beneath the volcano.
When gas and crystal rich magma evolves in this
chamber, explosive eruptions occur. It shows a mafic
magma and dacitic magma occurred in this eruption.
The small quantities of magma eruption occurred a
lava domes in the new caldera.

Petrology

Dacite
an intermediet igneous
rock that composed of
plagioclasefeldspar
withbiotite,hornblende,
andpyroxene.
Andesite / Basaltic
andesite
usually found in lava
flows produced by
statovolcanoes. It has
fine-grained, extrusive
igneous rocksthat are
usually light to dark gray
in color. composed
essentially of plagioclase

Basalt / Picro-basalt
a dark-colored, finegrained,composed mainly
of plagioclase and
pyroxene. Commonly
forms as an extrusive
rock, such as a lava flow,
but can also form in small
intrusive bodies, such as
an igneous dike or a thin
sill
Pumice
a light-colored, extremely
porousigneous rocksthat
forms duringexplosive
volcanic eruption.

References
Catane S. G., Taniguchi H., Mandanas A. A., 2005. Explosive
volcanism in the Philippines.CNEAS Monograph Ser, Tohoku
Univ, 18: 1-146.
Ku Y-P, Chen C-H, Newhall C. G., 2008. Determining an age for
the Inararo Tuff eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, South China
Sea.Quat Internatl, 178: 138-145.
Lagmay A M F, Rodolfo K S, Siringan F P, Remotigue C, Zamora
P, Lapus M, Rodolfo R, Ong J, 2007. Geology and hazard
implications of the Maraunot notch in the Pinatubo caldera,
Philippines.Bull Volc, 69: 797-809.
Newhall C. G., Punongbayan R. S. (eds), 1996.Eruptive history
of Mount Pinatubo. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Inst Volc
Seism, and Seattle: Univ Wash Press, 1126 p.
http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/fs113-97/fs113-97.pdf
http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/pinatubo

TERIMAKASIH