Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Oleh :
dr. Reni Zuraida, M,Si
BLOK ENDOKRIN, METABOLISME DAN NUTRISI
UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
2 Maret 2011
Literature
1. Almatsier S, 2003. Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. PT
Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta
2. Presentation copyright 2002 David A Bender
and some images copyright 2002 Taylor &
Francis Ltd
3. Soekirman. 2000. Ilmu Gizi dan Aplikasinya
untuk Keluarga dan Masyarakat. Jakarta:
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi,
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional
4. Supariasa IM. 2002. Penilaian Status Gizi.
Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC
Ire land
South Am e rica
Ce ntral Am e rica
Japan
South Africa
ne ar East
Canada
Australia
Europe
UK
Ne w Ze aland
Israe l
France
Banglade sh
Papua Ne w Guine a
sub-Saharan Africa
Caribbe an
Africa
India
USA
Asia
MJ / day av ailable
16
1998
14
1961
12
10
population, billions
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
8
7
6
developed countries
developing countries
5
4
3
2
1
0
1950
1975
2000
2025
rate /1000
45
40
developed
35
developing
30
least developed
25
20
15
10
5
0
birth
death
Life expectancy
developed
developing
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
least developed
74.5
62.4
50.6
minerals
6%
essential fat
3%
storage fat
12%
protein
15%
water
54%
essential fat
9%
minerals
5%
storage fat
19%
protein
13%
Overview
of
protein
dietary protein
80 g
metabolism
enzymes
intestinal cells
mucus
70 g
amino acids
and dipeptides
computing
body protein
(~ 10 kg)
amino acids
urine
(70 g)
faecal loss
(10 g)
metabolites
Nitrogen balance
Nitrogen balance
computing
faecal loss
(10 g)
body protein
(~ 10 kg)
amino acids
metabolites
urine
(70 g)
Nitrogen balance
Nitrogen
balance equilibrium
ASUPAN = EKSKRESI
computing
faecal loss
(10 g)
body protein
(~ 10 kg)
amino acids
metabolites
urine
(70 g)
Nitrogen balance
computing
faecal loss
(10 g)
body protein
(~ 10 kg)
amino acids
metabolites
urine
(70 g)
Nitrogen balance
computing
faecal loss
(10 g)
body protein
(~ 10 kg)
amino acids
metabolites
urine
(70 g)
Protein-energi malnutrition
Tidak secara spesifik kekurangan
protein
Tidak ada energi untuk
metabolisme
Sumber protein digunakan
sebagai energi
Sintesis protein di jaringan
berkurang
Sintesis protein mahal
Makanan
Puasa
Energi yang
dikeluarkan
-
+ 9.6 %
8.7 %
3.04
11.7 %
6.47
19.8 %
glycogen
computing
triacyglycerol
protein
glucose
triacylglycerol
in VLDL
triacylglycerol in
chylomicrons
amino acids
glucose
glycogen
protein
amino acids
computing
amino acids
glucose
triacyglycerol
protein
ketone bodies
glucose
amino acids
hormone-sensitive
lipase
glycerol
fatty acids
glycogen
fatty acids
BMI 16 - 17
BMI 17 - 18.4
BMI 20 - 25 normal
1.2
0.8
0.6
0.4
glucose
ketone bodies
fatty acids
1
0
0.2
0
fed
40h fasting
7d starving
relative weight
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
theoretical
0.5
time
Mukosa normal
20 40 villi / mm2
Masing-masing villi : 0.5 1.5 mm
Total absorbsi permukaan usus halus ~ 300 m2
no oedema
oedema
60 - 80
undernutrition
kwashiorkor
< 60
marasmus
marasmic kwashiorkor
Kwashiorkor - dermatitis
Kwashiorkor - hair
computing
100
90
80
86
70
marasmus
84.5
92
marasmic
kwashiorkor
kwashiorkor
TERIMAKASIH