Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
INTERNATIONAL
FEDERATION OF RED
CROSS AND RED
CRESCENT SOCIETIES
OUTLINE
HISTORY OF IFRC
Governance
The role of the IFRC
Funding and fi nancial matters
Activities and responsibilities
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
HISTORY OF IFRC
G E N E VA C O N V E N T I O N S 1 9 4 9
T H E G E N E VA C O N V E N T I O N S C O M P R I S E F O U R T R E AT I E S , A N D
T H R E E A D D I T I O N A L P R O T O C O L S , T H AT E S TA B L I S H E S T H E
S TA N DA R D S O F I N T E R N AT I O N A L L AW F O R T H E H U M A N E
T R E AT M E N T O F WA R.
ST 1949
1949
1ST
Geneva
Convention
dealing with
wounded and
sick in armed
forces in the
field.
2ND 1906
Geneva
Convention
dealing with
wounded
sick and
shipwrecked
members of
armed forces
at sea.
RD 1929
3RD
Geneva
Convention
dealing with
treatment of
prisoners of
war.
TH Geneva
4TH
Convention
dealing with
the protection
of civilian
persons in
timeof war.
HISTORY OF EMBLEMS
The flag of Switzerland, from
which the original Red Cross is said to
have been derived
CONT.
The Third Protocol Emblem is the Red
Crystal
was
adopted
by
an
amendment
of
the
Geneva
Conventions known as Protocol III
2005.
The Red Lion and Sun Society of
Iran was established in 1922 and
admitted to the Red Cross and Red
Crescent movement in 1923.
Red Star of David, the national firstaid society of Israel, but it is not
recognized
by
the
Geneva
Conventions as a protected symbol
GOVERNANCE
While the secretariat is responsible for the day-to-day
running of the IFRC, the decisions on its direction and
policy are made by the governing bodies. These bodies
defi ne a framework of purpose, policies, goals and
programmes, and provide a mechanism for
accountability and compliance
The General Assembly is the highest decision-making
body of the IFRC. It meets every two years and
comprises representatives from all member National
Societies. The assembly last came together in Sydney,
2013 as part of the Movement's Statutory Meetings.
The Governing Board acts between general assemblies,
meeting twice a year with the authority to make
certain decisions.
T h e I F RC c a r r i e s o u t re l i e f o p e r a t i o n s t o a s s i s t v i c t i m s o f d i s a s t e r s , a n d c o m b i n e s
t h i s w i t h d e v e l o p m e n t w o r k t o s t re n g t h e n t h e c a p a c i t i e s o f i t s m e m b e r N a t i o n a l
S o c i e t i e s . T h e I F RC ' s w o r k f o c u s e s o n f o u r c o r e a r e a s : p r o m o t i n g h u m a n i t a r i a n
v a l u e s , d i s a s t e r r e s p o n s e , d i s a s t e r p re p a r e d n e s s , a n d h e a l t h a n d c o m m u n i t y c a r e .
The unique network of National So cieties - which cover almost every country in the
w o r l d - i s t h e I F RC ' s p r i n c i p a l s t r e n g t h . C o o p e r a t i o n b e t w e e n N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s
g i v e s t h e I F RC g re a t e r p o t e n t i a l t o d e v e l o p c a p a c i t i e s a n d a s s i s t t h o s e m o s t i n n e e d .
A t a l o c a l l e v e l , t h e n e t w o r k e n a b l e s t h e I F RC t o r e a c h i n d i v i d u a l c o m m u n i t i e s .
T h e r o l e o f t h e s e c r e t a r i a t i n G e n e v a i s t o c o o r d i n a t e a n d m o b i l i z e re l i e f a s s i s t a n c e
for i ntern atio nal e mergen ci es, promo te coopera ti on between Nati on al Soci eti es a nd
r e p re s e n t t h e s e N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s i n t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l fi e l d .
T h e r o l e o f t h e fi e l d d e l e g a t i o n s i s t o a s s i s t a n d a d v i s e N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s w i t h re l i e f
o p e r a t i o n s a n d d e v e l o p m e n t p ro g r a m m e s , a n d e n c o u r a g e re g i o n a l c o o p e r a t i o n .
T h e I F RC , t o g e t h e r w i t h N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s a n d t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o m m i t t e e o f t h e
Re d C r o s s , m a ke u p t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l Re d C r o s s a n d Re d C re s c e n t M o v e m e n t .
R E F L E C T I N G T H E G O V E R N I N G B O A R D S P R I O R I T I E S A S S TAT E D AT
I T S N OV E M B E R 2 0 1 2 M E E T I N G , T H E I F RC A I M S T O A C H I E V E T H E
F O L LO W I N G O V E R T H E N E X T T W O Y E A R S W I T H I N
T H E P R O G RA M M E S P L A N A N D B U D G E T:
A. H u m a n i t a r i a n re s p o n s e t o p ro v i d e c o o rd i n a t i o n d u r i n g t h e i m m e d i a t e
re s p o n s e p h a s e o f d i s a s t e r s a n d cr i s e s w h i ch re q u i re i n t e rn a t i o n a l
a s s i s t a n c e , t o e n s u re a d e q u a t e re s o u rc e s a re a v a i l a b l e t o m e e t t h e n e e d s
o f d i s a s t e r a ff e c t e d p e o p l e .
B . Lo n g e r- t e rm d e v e l o p m e n t t o a s s i s t N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s i n t h e i r
p ro g r a m m i n g i n a re a s o f r i s k re d u c t i o n a n d re s i l i e n c e , f o o d s e cu r i t y a n d
health including water and sanitation.
C. National Society development to assist National Societies in becoming
s t ro n g e r o rg a n i z a t i o n s d e s i g n i n g c l e a r s t r a t e g i c p l a n s f o r t h e i r p ro g r a m m e
w o r k , a s w e l l a s t o h e l p t h e m m o b i l i s e a n d c o o rd i n a t e d o m e s t i c a n d
i n t e rn a t i o n a l p a r t n e r s . T h i s w o r k w i t h N a t i o n a l S o ci e t i e s i s e n a b l e d b y
ex p l o r i n g t h e f u l l p o t e n t i a l o f t h e a u x i l i a r y ro l e o f N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s . T h e
h u m a n i t a r i a n re s p o n s e a n d d e v e l o p m e n t p ro g r a m m e s , a s w e l l a s re l a t e d
c o o rd i n a t i o n l i n ke d t o t h e s t a t e d o b j e c t i v e s , a re f u n d e d f ro m re s t r i c t e d
v o l u n t a r y c o n t r i b u t i o n s w h i ch c o n s t i t u t e t h e I F RC s l a rg e s t i n c o m e s t re a m .
W h i l e m e m b e r N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s m a ke u p a c r u c i a l p a r t o f t h e d o n o r g ro u p
T h e I F RC c o o rd i n a t e s b e t w e e n N a t i o n a l Re d C ro s s a n d Re d C re s c e n t
S o c i e t i e s t hro u g h o u t t h e w o r l d . T h e I F RC a l o n g w i t h I C RC s u p p o r t s t h e
f o u n d a t i o n o f n e w N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s i n c o u n t r i e s w h e re n o o ffi c i a l
s o c i e t y ex i s t s .
A N a t i o n a l S o c i e t y i s a d m i t t e d a s a m e m b e r t o t h e I F RC o n l y a ft e r i t i s
re c o g n i z e d b y t h e I C RC . T h e I F RC c o o p e r a t e s w i t h t h e N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s
o f t h e a ff e c t e d c o u n t r i e s - c a l l e d t he H o s t N a t i o n a l S o c i e t y ( H N S ) - a s
w e l l a s t h e N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s o f o t h e r c o u n t r i e s w i l l i n g t o o ff e r
a s s i s t a n c e c a l l e d Pa r t n e r N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s ( P N S ) .
A m o n g t h e 1 8 7 N a t i o n a l S o c i e t i e s a d m i t t e d t o t h e G e ne r a l A s s e m b l y o f
t h e I F RC a s f u l l m e m b e r s o r o b s e r v e r s , a b o u t 2 5 - 3 0 re g u l a r l y w o r k a s
P N S i n o t h e r c o u nt r i e s .
T h e m o s t a c t i v e a re t h e A m e r i c a n Re d C ro s s , t h e B r i t i s h Re d C ro s s , t h e
G e rm a n Re d C ro s s , a n d t h e Re d C ro s s S o c i e t i e s o f S w e d e n a n d N o r w a y.
A no t h e r m a j o r m i s s i o n o f t h e I F RC w h i c h h a s g a i n e d a t t e n t i o n i n re ce n t
y e a r s i s i t s c o m m i t m e n t t o w o r k t o w a rd s a c o d i fi e d , w o r l d w i d e b a n o n
t h e u s e o f l a n d m i n e s a n d t o b r i n g m e d i c a l , p s y c h o l o g i c a l , a nd s o c i a l
s u p p o r t f o r p e o p l e i n j u re d b y l a n d m i n e s
CONCLUSION
IFRC as the promoter and guardian of
international humanitarian laws must encourage
the respect of laws
It does so by spreading the knowledge of
humanitarian rules
Reminding parties in the conflicts of their
obligations
And ensure that humanitarian rules are
respected.
THANK YOU
!
REFERENCES