Database

Database

a collection of data
Entity, relationship

DBMS

Database management system

DBMS

Why use a DBMS?

efficient access
reduced application development
time
data integrity and security
concurrent access
recovery from system crash

Relational model

Most widely used data model

Relation

A set of records
Schema

Name of a relation, name of each fields

Instance

A table with rows and columns

Students(sid:string, sname:string, snum:integer)

Fields (attributes, columns)
Field names

Tuples
(records,
rows)

sid

sname

snum

euny

Chang Eun Young

99

cavalist Ryu Han Seung

99

netj

00

Jaeho Shin

SQL

Structured query language

Standard language for interacting
with a DBMS
Data definition
Manipulation

MySQL

Connect

mysql [h host] [u user] [p[password]]

[dbname]

>mysql -u euny -p test

Enter password: ********
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;
or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14 to server version:
3.23.34a
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear
the buffer
mysql>

MySQL

Data definition

CREATE/DROP DATABASE dbname;

SHOW DATABASES;
USE dbname;
CREATE TABLE table_name (field_name
type,.., constraints,..);
SHOW TABLES;
SHOW COLUMNS FROM table_name;
DROP TABLE table_name;

MySQL

Data manipulation

INSERT INTO table_name [(field_name,..)]

VALUES (value,..);

DELETE FROM table_name

WHERE condition;

UPDATE table_name
SET field_name=value,..
[WHERE condition];

MySQL

Data manipulation(2)

SELECT field_name [as field_name],..

FROM table_name
[WHERE condition]
[ORDER BY field_name];

=, <, >, AND, OR, NOT

(field_name LIKE _%.)

MySQL

ALTER TABLE

ALTER TABLE table_name

[RENAME new_table_name]/
[ADD field_name type]/
[DROP field_name]/
[CHANGE name new_name new_type];

mysql> show databases;

+----------+
| Database |
+----------+
| mysql
|
| test
|
+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create database test2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> CREATE TABLE Students(

-> sid VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,
-> sname VARCHAR(20),
-> snum INT,
-> PRIMARY KEY(sid));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Data Type :
CHAR, VARCHAR, INT [Unsigned], FLOAT
DATE, TEXT/BLOB, SET, ENUM
Constraints :
PRIMARY/FOREIGN KEY, NOT NULL

mysql> show tables;

+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| students
|
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show columns from students;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type
| Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| sid
| varchar(8) |
| PRI |
|
|
| sname | varchar(20) | YES |
| NULL
|
|
| snum | int(11)
| YES |
| NULL
|
|
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Students

-> VALUES ('euny', 'Chang Eun-young', 99);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM Students;

+----------+-----------------+------+
| sid
| sname
| snum |
+----------+-----------------+------+
| euny
| Chang Eun-young |
99 |
| cavalist | Ryu Han Seung
|
99 |
| netj
| Jaeho Shin
| 2000 |
+----------+-----------------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> DELETE FROM Students
-> WHERE sid='euny';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> UPDATE Students

-> SET sid='asdf'
-> WHERE sid='euny';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM Students;
+----------+-----------------+------+
| sid
| sname
| snum |
+----------+-----------------+------+
| asdf
| Chang Eun-young |
99 |
| cavalist | Ryu Han Seung
|
99 |
| netj
| Jaeho Shin
| 2000 |
+----------+-----------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM Students ORDER BY sname;

+----------+-----------------+------+
| sid
| sname
| snum |
+----------+-----------------+------+
| asdf
| Chang Eun-young |
99 |
| netj
| Jaeho Shin
| 2000 |
| cavalist | Ryu Han Seung
|
99 |
+----------+-----------------+------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> SELECT sname FROM Students WHERE snum=99;
+-----------------+
| sname
|
+-----------------+
| Chang Eun-young |
| Ryu Han Seung
|
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)