Linking Words

FANBOYS
For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
For:
-> The government has not banned
smoking in public places, for this may
not be an effective method of
prohibiting peoples smoking habit.

Linking Words
And:
Environmental pollution is caused by
dumping garbage in streets and
discharging raw sewage directly into
rivers and lakes.
My mom is both intelligent and hardworking
V ing + and + Ving, Adj + and + adj, N
+ and + N
S1+ V1, and S2 + V2

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Nor:
Children should never be allowed to watch
TV without proper guidance, and nor
should parents let their offsprings go to
the cinema on their own.
Nor + do/does/did + S + bare-infinitive
Nor + have/ has/ had + S + V3
Nor + modal verbs + S + V bare-inf
Nor + be + S

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But:
Children need to be allowed to watch TV
without proper guidance, but parents
should not let them go to the cinema on
their own.
She is smart but lazy
V ing + but + Ving, Adj + but + adj, N +
but + N
S1+ V1, but S2 + V2

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Or :
Which do you prefer, living alone or with your
family?
V ing + or + Ving, Adj + or + adj, N + or + N
S1+ V1, or S2 + V2
Yet
E.g. The disappearance of some languages in
the world has been a controversial issue, yet
the governments of some countries has never
paid attention to address this problem.

Linking Words
So :
S1 + V1, so S2 + V2
The Internet has several drawbacks
besides its benefits, so it is necessary
for parents to take some control on the
amount of time their children spend on
it

Showing Results
S1 + V1. Therefore, S2 + V2

Thus,

Hence,

Accordingly,

As a result,

As a consequence,

Consequently,
-> Use them to show results.

Adding Information

And = as well as
E.g: Are they coming as well?
They sell books as well as newspapers.
She is a talented musician as well as
being a photographer.

Adding Information
S1 + V1. In addition, S2 + V2

Besides,

Also,

Additionally,
-> Use them to add more details about
something.

Adding Information
S1 + V1. Moreover, S2 + V2

Furthermore,

Whats more,

More importantly,
-> Use them to add further information
about something. (to emphasize)

Adding Information
S1 + V1. Similarly, S2 + V2

Likewise,
-> Use them to add similar information
about something.
These days

Sequencing(show orders)

Firstly, S + V (clause)
Secondly, S + V
Thirdly, S + V

Lastly, / Finally, S + V

First, next, then, after that, following this,

First of all = First and foremost
Finally = Lastly = Last but not least

Causes, Reasons, Results

Causes/ Reasons:
- Because/ Since/ As
Because/ As/ Since + S1 + V1 (reason),
S2 + V2
S2 + V2 (result) because/ as/ since + S1
+ V1 (reason)

Causes, Reasons, Results

Causes/ Reasons:
- Because of/ Owing to/ Due to/ On
account of
+ Noun/Ving (reason), S2 + V2
I could not go to work yesterday due to
illness.
S1 + V1 (result) because of/ owing to/ due
to/ on account of + Noun/Ving (reason)

Causes, Reasons, Results

Result:
S1 + V1, so S2 + V2
S1 + V1. Therefore, S2 + V2

Thus,

Hence,

As a result,

As a consequence,

Consequently,

Contrasting
But
Although/ Though/ Even though + S1 + V1, S2
+ V2 (main clause) -> Though he is very tired,
he still tries to finish the project on time.
S2 + V2 + though/ even though/ although +
S1 + V1
In spite of/ Despite + Noun/ Ving, main clause
main clause + in spite of/ despite + Noun/
Ving
-> Despite being very tired/ despite his
tiredness, he still tries to finish the project on
time.

Contrasting
S1 + V1. In contrast, S2 + V2
On the contrary,
On the one hand, computers have
brought a large number of benefits to
our modern life. On the other hand,
they also have their own drawbacks.
S1 + V1. However, S2 + V2
Nevertheless,

Nonetheless,