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Prepared By :
Mr. Arvind Kumar
En. No.-140430707002
M.E. 3rd Sem. Electrical
Engineering
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
Literature Review
The review of the economic load dispatch problem with and without valve point for a time
period of 57 years from 1958 to 2015 considered 217 publications & 44 different
algorithms Shown in Figure 1 & Figure 2.
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
Introduction
The goal of Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem is to find the optimal combination
of power generations that minimizes the total generation cost, while satisfying optimal
generation dispatch among the operating units in order to meet the load demands and
practical operation constraints of generators, which consist of ramp rate limits,
maximum and minimum limits, and prohibited operating zones
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
Terminology
Prohibited Zone : A physical operation limitations (such as faults in the machines themselves) or the
associated auxiliaries (such as boiler, feed pumps), units can have prohibited operating regions and
generators that operate in these zones may experience amplification of vibrations in their shaft bearing
called Prohibited Zone .
Ramp Rate : the power output are instantaneous. However, under practical circumstances, ramp rate
limit restrains the operating range of all the online units for tuning the generator operation between two
operating periods . The generation may increase or decrease with corresponding upper and lower ramp
rate limits.
Valve point loading : Large steam turbine generators usually have a number of steam admission
valves that are opened in sequence to do gradually loading of the generators. Loading output levels at
which a new steam admission valve is opened is called valve point loading effect.
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
Evolutionary
Method
Physics Based
Method
Nature Based
Method
1/2/17
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
10
Parameter
Value
30,50
500, 1000
As per requirement
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
11
ALGORITHMS
AVERAGE VALUE
STANDRAD
VALUE
ALGORITHMS
AVERAGE VALUE
STANDRAD
VALUE
GWO
6.79E-31
7.78E-31
GWO
197.985
0.36253
ALO
2.59E-10
1.65E-10
CS
332.670
159.880
PSO
2.70E-09
1.00E-09
PSO
911.234
95.2450
CS
6.50E-03
2.05E-04
GA
964.490
748.760
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
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ALGORITHMS
AVERAGE VALUE
STANDRAD
VALUE
ALGORITHMS
AVERAGE VALUE
STANDRAD
VALUE
GWO
-6420.5516
921.6797
GWO
2.67788
03.7870
ALO
-1606.2764
314.4302
GSA
25.9684
07.4700
PSO
-1367.0100
146.4089
PSO
46.7042
11.6293
CS
-2094.9100
000.0076
DE
69.2000
38.8000
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
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Consider
Minimize
Variable range
Minimize
Consider
,
,
Variable range
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
ALGORITH
MS
MINIMUM
VALUE
GWO
5.183E-16
ALO
2.700E-12
ABC
2.780E-11
GA
1.362E-09
ALGORITH
MS
MINIMUM
VALUE
GWO
5886.3776
MBA
5889.3216
ACO
6059.0888
PSO
6061.0777
14
MINIMUM
VALUE
GWO
1.30326
ALO
1.33995
CS
1.33999
GCA
1.34000
ALGORITH
MS
MINIMUM
VALUE
Minimize
GWO
0.0126672
PSO
0.0126747
GSA
0.0127022
GA
0.0127048
Variable range
Subject to
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
15
Consider
ALGORIT
HMS
MINIMU
M VALUE
Minimize
GWO
1.30326
Subject to
ALO
1.33995
CS
1.33999
GCA
1.34000
Variable range
ALGORIT
HMS
MINIMU
M VALUE
GWO
CS
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
SOS
0.006625
9
0.013074
7
0.013074
16
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
ALGORITH
MS
MINIMUM
VALUE
GWO
358.793765
SD-RC
374.2
GA
366.145
CS
359.208
ALGORITH
MS
MINIMUM
VALUE
GWO
25.493305
25.5316
Rao
25.5323
CS
25.5316
17
Relay
TMS
Linear
programming
FA
GA
PSO
GWO
RA
TMS1
0.289
0.265
0.27
0.23569
0.23569
RB
TMS2
0.11
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
18
Relay
TMS
FA
PSO
GWO
TMS1
Linear
GA
programmin
g
0.159
0.134
R1
0.131
0.13394
0.13398
R2
TMS2
0.039
0.035
0.032
0.034789
0.034789
R3
TMS3
0.039
0.035
0.032
0.034789
0.034789
R4
TMS4
0.159
0.134
0.131
0.13394
0.13398
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
19
Variabl
e
n%
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
GWO
GA
PSO
95.32
95.31
95.32
20
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
Variable
s
Mtotal
(kg)
GWO
7.9296
ALO
PSO
7.9503
7.9503
21
Variables
Efficiency
%
GWO
GA
96.30
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
88.4
BBO
87.60
22
Variables
Mtotal
GWO
2.3583
BBO
2.594
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
GA
2.633
23
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
24
THANK YOU
S. S. E. C., Bhavnagar
25