CHAPTER 4

NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL
PHILOSOPHY

Definition of education history

Educational history consists of
Political development
Social development
Economical development
Culture development and others

Education background during the

British occupation
Invert the education system to dualism system of
education
The arrival of Portuguese, Dutch, English & Japanese ;
Each of them emphasize their educational system until
it gave an impact to the Islamic education system that
has existed before the Melaka Malay Kingdom

 E.G:
During the British invasion the Malay education was
unorganized with no sense of nationalism.
Even the Malay schools were produced by the British
based on their Gramar system with a little of alteration
which is making Malay as the main language
Malay school were sponsored to produce farmers and
fishermen to make sure they are not illiterate

 As for Chinese and Indian, school were based on their

countrys education system.
Islamic education system have a lot of controversial and
prejudice issues that causes dualism of education
between religion and the world.
In terms of objective and education philosophy were
according to categories of education institutions & races
and not for the whole country.

British education
Malay school
Pondok
English school
Missionaries school
Chinese school
Volunteers efforts
Tamil School
Intrinsic factor

The British came and made changes to the Malay Educational System
1. (origin / earliest form of educational system)
Pondok School
2. (when the British came)
Malay School
English School (prestigious)
Missionaries (e.g. Roman Catholic)
(mission schools which provided primary and
secondary education in the English language)

During the British Colonial period, a large number of Chinese and

Indian immigrates to Tanah Melayu
Hence, these vernacular schools were formed
Chinese Schools
Tamil School
Volunteers Effort
Intrinsic Factor

Education during independence

period
~Formation of national education system.
~The chronology of national education :
1) Committee of Barnes and Fenn Wu
2) 1956s Razaks report
3) 1957s Education ordinal
4) 1960s the Rahman Talibs report
5) 1961s act of education
6) 1979s the Cabinet report
7) 1982s KBSR
8) 1988s KBSM

Basis of Malaysian education

BACKGROUND
Implemented through the Razak report.
Outcome on the Rahman Talib Report.
Established by the Cabinet Committee

 RATIONAL
A new education system was needed to support the image of
Malaysia as an independent country as the Malay Archipelago
Education System was no longer suitable.

 OBJECTIVE
To implement an education system that can fulfil the country
needs and encourage development
Razak Report 1956 and Rahman Talib Report 1960
~ unite multiracial children
*ACHIEVE A UNITED NATION

IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIES
Strategies to achieve the aim of Education Basis.
1. Malay as the medium
2. Same Curriculum System
3. Same Examination System
4. Improve quality
5. 9 years
6. Democratize education

 7. Provide primary education

8. Broaden vocational and technical education
9. Verify and improve education facilities
10.Improve spiritual, moral, and discipline
11. Set Nation and English language as compulsory
12.Encourage curriculum activities

The unification of education system

The Barnes and Fenn Wu committee were established
to handle to handle the unification of education system
by triangulation.
The Razaks committee was established to investigate
the united national education system.
The 1956s razaks report was the main system and
foundation of education until to this day suggest that
national education system must use same scheme of
work & Malay language must remain.
Next the Rahman Talib report support the Razak Report
and became the basic to the formation of National
Educational foundation like stated in Educational Act

THE OBJECTIVE
Affirmation of citizens unity through the usage of
Malay language as main language.
Cabinet Report
Amend certain scheme of work
Curriculum community
To adapt the evolution of curriculum activities and
responsible to plan and build curriculum.
Next, year 1970 Rukun Negara
Was established
Cabinet committee was established to investigate the
implementation of the Educational System

Education Base After 1959

A committee was formed to investigate the Education
Ordinal 1960.
It was directed by Encik Abdul Rahman Haji Talib.
RESULTS:
Programme & courses were able to accomplish
Trials for making one education system that can be accepted
Malaysian
Changes which have been made regarding language
Change in development according to socio-economy

Based on Aminuddin Bakis investigation a few streams

were introduced :

To change the outlines of education in the second level or

better known as lower secondary.
Set up more courses and vary them.
Provide teachers for lower education as well as engineers
or lower level.
Make connections between education and development

The principles of various streams

Every students ought to receive normal education at
least 9 years.
Course prepared should be suitable with the
participation of students.
Variations in cocuriculum must be chosen by students
& should no be forced.
Ensure the stream according to the students
acceptance and it should be done at the end of the
year.

The cabinet report 1979

To investigate problems & obstacle in the present
education system
Objectives:
To value or rate the ability of national educational report that
was established to form skillful human resource needed by
the country.
To value or value the ability of the national education system
report in forming a united, disciplined and skilled
communities.

The results of cabinet report 1979

The development of (KBSR).

Introducing the learning concept by applying skills
KBSM
The existed schooling system is continued.

National education philosophy

Become the foundation and guidelines to national
education system development for the 21st centuries to
come.
Purpose:
Continuous effort towards individual improvement in whole.
To create balanced communities in term of physical,
emotional, spiritual & intellectual.
To create an individual who can contribute to society and
country.
Based on faith and obligation towards Him.

In a nutshell
Todays National education foundation is forming a new era
with the existence and guidelines of national education
philosophy.
It was based on brilliant general view of Tauhid to form a
perfect generation equipped with knowledge, skills &
behavior.
After all, should it be known whether the present changes
will be preserved or shattered.
Nowadays, the communities are aware towards their
childrens future to become better self.

REFERENCES
Publisher: Sasbadi
Title: Nexus SPM A+
ISBN: (978-983-59-5766-6)
Publisher: Anggota Persatuan Penerbit Buku Malaysia
Title: Malaysia Kita
ISBN: (978-967-89-1744-5)
Title : Mengenal Falsafah Pendidikan
Author : Abdul Fatah Hasan
Publisher : Utusan Publications & Distributors SDN BHD
ISBN : 978-967-61-2018-9
Title : Pedagogi Pendidikan Islam
Author : Ghazali Darulsalam
Publisher : Utusan Publications & Distributors SDN BHD
ISBN : 967-61-1204-6
Title : Malaysian Development