SCIENCE 6

THIRD GRADING

Layers of the Earth

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Objectives:
Describe

the
characteristics of the
different layers of the
earth as to its
composition, thickness

Background

Information:
Scientists have investigated
the different layers of the earth
through core drillings, analysis
of volcanic materials, and
earthquake waves. From this
information, scientists
constructed the layered earth
model.
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 Thickness

of the crust varies from 10

to about 6.5 km. tunnels and wells had
been dug but none reached the mantle.
The mantle is about 2900 km. in
thickness. Beyond this is the core
which is composed of the inner and the
outer portions.

Vocabulary

Development:
Continent large masses of land comprises
about of the earths surface.
Ocean- large bodies of water about of
the earths surface
Atmosphere - the blanket of air
surrounding the Earth

LAYERS OF THE EARTH

The earth has four spheres:

the lithosphere, the solid part which
makes up the continents and land
masses
the hydrosphere, the liquid part which
makes up the oceans, seas, rivers and
lakes
The atmosphere, the gaseous part
the biosphere, the life zone.

The surface of the lithosphere is

made of solid rock materials that
originated from the interior.
Geologist, the scientist who study
the nature and processes of the
earth, studied the earths interior
through indirect observation of
waves during earthquake and the
types of rock
in the lithosphere.

Earth is composed of three layers

namely the crust, mantle, and
core

1.CRUST
2.MANTLE
3.CORE

CRUST

The crust is the outermost and the

thinnest layer of earth. It is
about 5 to 100 kilometers thick. It is
the upper part of the lithosphere.
It is where people and other living
things live. It consists of the
continental crust and the oceanic
crust.

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CRUST
The continental crust makes up the
continents. It is about 32
kilometers thick.
The oceanic crust makes up the
ocean floors. It is thinner than
the continental crust. It is only
about 4-8 kilometers thick
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CRUST
The crust is composed of about
one-fourth land surfaces made
up of 7 continents and big islands.

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CRUST

The continents are in the form of

mountains, hills, valleys, and plains.
About three-fourths are water
surfaces in the form of oceans, seas,
and lakes.

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CRUST

The top part of the crust is made of a light

material like granite.
The bottom part of the crust is made of a
dark, heavy rock called
basalt. The crust is the only layer of the
Earth which Geologist have
seen.
The total distance from the earths crust
to its center is
approximately 6430 kilometers
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MANTLE

Mantle is the rocky layer of the Earth

between the crust and the core. It is
about 2,900 kilometers thick. It is the
largest layer of the Earth that covers
about 67% of the Earths mass. The
temperature and pressure of mantle
increase in depth ranging from 870
degrees Celsius to 2200 degrees Celsius.
It is believed that magma and lava come
from mantle
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MANTLE

The boundary between the crust and

the mantle is the
mohorovicic discontinuity, called
Moho for short. It is named after
Andrija Mohorovicic, a Yugoslavian
scientist who discovered this
special boundary.
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CORE

The core is the innermost and the

hottest layer of earth. It is
divided into outer core and the inner
core. The outer core is made up of
molten iron and nickel. The inner core
is made up of solid iron and nickel.
Its estimated temperature reaches as
high as 5000 degrees
Celsius.

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A. Match column A with Column B. Write the letter

1. crust
a. the boundary between crust
and mantle
2. mantle
b. the layer consisting of liquid
iron and nickel
3. outer core
c. the hottest layer of earth
4. inner core
d. the largest layer of earth
5. Moho
e. the upper part of the lithosphere
6. Geologist f. the solid part of Earth
7. lithosphere g. scientist who studies the
structure of the earth
h. the study of the structure of
Earth
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Lets Remember This

Crust the outermost layer of the solid Earth.
Mantle- composed of solid rocks in its upper
portion.
Core - beneath the mantle or the inner part
of the earth
Outer Core- composed of molten rock and
nickel
Inner Core made of solid materials
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Directions: Choose the letter of the

correct answer.
1.On what layer on the earth does man
live?
a. crust b. mantle
c. outer core d. inner core
2.What is the outer core made up?
a. very hot molten rock
b. molten nickel
c. molten iron
d. both b and c

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3.This part of the earth is believed to be

composed of hot and molten rock.
a. Earths lower crust
c. mantle
b.Earths lower crust d. atmosphere
4.Which layer is the hottest?
a. crust b. mantle c. Outer core d.
inner core
5.Which of the following is the second
outermost layer of the earth?
a. crust b. mantle c. outer core d.
inner core

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Assignment:
Draw and label
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THANK YOU!!!
Prepared by:
ELIZABETH JAMILLA

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