MAXIMILLIAN

ROBESPIERRE
By: Ethan Rihn

EARLY LIFE
Born on May 6, 1758
His mom died when he was 6 and father soon left after her death
He went to Louis Le Grand and went into law and philosophy in Aras
University
He became a lawyer in 1781 and later created his own private practice when
he became a judge
At the age of thirty is first political experience was when he was elected to
the General Estate-assembly of estates that represented France

POLITICAL BACKGROUND BEFORE

REVOLUTION
Spoke at National Assembly, revolutionary assembly made by the third
estate, as a representative of third estate of France and later became the
secretary of the National Assembly
In 1789 he became the president of the Jacobins, created by General Estate
and was a radical political group during the revolution
Inspired by enlightenment, he helped create the Declaration of the Rights of
Man and Citizen, which was the constitution of the French Revolution (when
he was motivated by Enlightenment he was against death penalty and
slavery)

REVOLUTION IN THE AIR

With his new political power he promoted the radical revolutionary ways of the
Jacobin club to the rest of France
He led riots and protests and soon they spread to France which led to more
people join the revolution
Violence rose throughout France during this time and the people, third estate,
rejected the nobles of France along with the king, King Louis XVI
His motivation of the people caused the king to flee in June of 1971 which he
failed and was captured with the rest of his family, Robespierre was calling for
blood
With the king captured, some turned against Robespierre so he had National
Guard made and they handled that threat of those opposing him

LE DFENSEUR DE LA CONSTITUTION
Created by Robespierre
He used it to attack other political figures and turn the people against them
Ex. Marquis Lafayette was the leader of the National Guard and he had a secret
drive to keep the monarchy but Robespierre used this newspaper to attack and
get rid of his rising military rule
Fun Fact: he helped fight in the American Revolution by giving George
Washington some of his own army and commanded side by side with him

NATIONAL CONVENTION
On September 20, 1792 he joined the National Convention~~the new
government of France after the National Guard over threw the monarchy
National Convention made up of Jacobins and Girondins-deputies from the
department of the Gironde
The first the action the Convention did was determine the kings fate; the
Jacobins won the argument against the Girondins and put him on trial (the
king was called for treason and executed by guillotine.
Then Robespierre had the Girondins tried and killed for opposing him and he
controlled the National Congress

COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY

On July 27, 1793 it was created to protect the revolution
Many groups broke off of the revolution having their own ideas
The committee punished those it didnt agree with the revolution by guillotine
There were many people arrested and put on trial and some executed for crimes
that are ridiculous such as wearing a wrong type of clothing
Most important people were killed in France for opposing Robespierre in some way
These convictions usually ended up with the guillotine and last for about a year
where almost seventeen thousand people were killed, mostly nobles and wrongly
convicted and this rant of killings was known as the Reign of Terror

ROBESPIERRES PUBLIC SAFETY MISTAKE

Revolutionary Tribunal, a court of people who were able to put politicians on trial
and have them executed, was introduced to the revolution
It lasted but started to make people realize some of political leaders accusations
against Robespierre being a dictator and many started to doubt him
He attempted to win back France by making a speech at the National
Convention, his speech went well when he said he had a list of traitors to the
rebellions, but he never said who
The people of the convention were scared of this list and doubted him as a
leader so they turned against him and took him to Luxembourg Prison

KARMA'S A GUILLOTINE
The jailer rejected this request and let him go so the
National Convention said he was a fugitive
Robespierre went to the City Hall of Paris and hid there
with loyal soldiers defending him
He felt scared and betrayed so he attempted suicide but
that failed
The national convention captured him while he was
unable to move from his failed attempt and they decided
his fate
Robespierre was dying so they had him taken down to
Place de la Concorde where King XVI and Marie-Antoinette
where killed by guillotine and him suffer the same fate

WORKS CITED
(1.) Biography.com Editors. "Maximillian De Robespierre." Biography.com. A&E Networks
Television, 09 Nov. 2015. Web. 07 Dec. 2016. http://www.biography.com/people/maximilien-derobespierre-37422
(2.) Bouloiseau, Marc. "Maximillian Robespierre." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia
Britannica, 28 Oct. 2016. Web. 07 Dec. 2016. https://www.britannica.com/biography/MaximilienRobespierre
(3.) Wilde, Robert. "Pre-Revolutionary France." About Education. About.com, 27 May 2016. Web.
07 Dec. 2016. http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/thefrenchrevolution/a/hfr1.htm
(4.) History.com Staff. "French Revolution." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 07
Dec. 2016. http://www.history.com/topics/french-revolution
(5.) French Documentary Notes