1.

0 INTRODUCTION TO SITE
PLANNING

CP203 SITE PLANNING

What do you mean by town planning?

Perancangan bandar ialah satu seni dan

sains bagi penyusunan guna tanah dan

ciri-ciri serta perletakan bangunanbangunan dan rangkaian perhubungan
untuk mendapat setinggi yang boleh
faedah ekonomi, keselesaan dan
kecantikan.
(Lewis Keeble, Principles and
Practice of Town and Country
Planning, 4th edition, 1969)

Planning is about preparing a site which

is appropriate to the public in term of

time and location .
(John Ratcliffe (1974)
Planning is the way to achieve goal.

( Peter Hall (1974)

Definition of Site Planning

Site planning is the act of

arranging the external physical

environment to support human
behaviour. It lies along the
boundaries of architecture,
engineering, landscape
architecture and city planning.
(Lynch, Kevin)

Who are responsibilities in

planning?
In order to achieve various aims and aspect

of site planning, the involvement of various

field of expertise is important.
(Beer, A.N. 1990) such as:
a) Town planner
b) Architect
c) Landscape architect
d) Property management
e) Health officer
f) Engineers.

Actually, the site is a crucial aspect

of our environment; It has a

biological, a social and a
psychological impact that goes far
beyond its accepted influence on
cost and technical function. (Lynch,
Kevin)

Approaches in Planning
Inovative
Procedure
Vary (Kemajmukan)
Comprehensive
Revolution
Pragmatisme

Issues in Site Planning

Site is not about how its planned but how

systematic the planning are at the site.

Planning are influenced by several driven
force:
a) Benefits from the economy angle from
big scale
development or mix development
b) Rapid evolution technology
c) Conflict from the aspect of aims
d) The needs of public spaces site
e) Comprehensive design

The recent site planning focus more on

the demand rather than the needs that

lies into monotonously conventional.
Normally the layout was prepared in a

short period. Therefore , the human

factor as well as the environment factor
were always neglected.

Thus, site planning required the

knowledge of art and science in site

analyzing which consists the action of
evaluation, selection and planning in
order to fulfill the public needs and the
environment as well.

Why SITE Planning

important?
Let s go back to history.

- Industrial revolution during 19th

century
slump areas, cramp and crowded,
quality of life is low,
high rates of death due to diseases
Town planning more focus on the physical
aspect rather than social or economy
factors.

A) Site is not only rely on the cost or the technical

function but more onto social and

environment
aspect.
Ex:
Kawasan Hutan Simpan Bukit Nanas merupakan
antara kawasan hijau yang telah digazetkan di
dalam kawasan sentral Kuala Lumpur.Jika dinilai
dari aspek hartanah, harga kawasan itu mampu
mencecah jutaan ringgit.Walau bagaimanapun,
jika dinilai dari aspek biologi dan kepentingannya,
nilainya adalah tidak dapat diperkatakan.

B) To notify the location or resources

and the accessibilities

Ex.:
Perancangan kawasan perindustrian
berat seperti kuari simen haruslah
mengenalpasti kawasan yang
mempunyai sumber mineral simen. Di
samping itu, ia juga harus mempunyai
aksesibiliti yang baik dengan sistem
jalan raya ataupun jalan keretapi yang
baik.

C) To achieve the most relevant

development
Ex:
Sebidang tanah yang terletak di tengahtengah bandaraya Pulau Pinang adalah
terhad dari segi keluasan .Maka konflik
dariapada aspek jenis pembangunan yang
dicadangkan sering berlaku.Oleh itu, hanya
pembangunan yang paling relevan akan
dibangunkan seperti rumah pangsa kos
sederhana ataupun kondominium yang
menjamin pulangan yang menguntungkan.

To fulfill the requirement of public needs.

Ex:
Perancangan tapak yang baik adalah
berlandaskan piawaian perancangan
sebagai panduan penyediaan pelan
pembangunan yang holistik. Ini bagi
memastikan aspek keselamatn, kesihatan
dan keselesaan penduduk dapat dicapai.

To achieve sustainable development

- The balance of three main aspect which

are mainly about
environment, social
and economy aspects.
- To make sure that each part is considered
in site planning .
(Refer Agenda 21, Rio Declaration)

POPQUIZ!
List down FIVE (5) guidelines that
become our references in preparing
development proposals in Malaysia?

correct answer)

(2 marks for each

( 5 minutes only)

The Relationship Between

Site Planning and
Doctrine of Universal
Development Planning

Doktrin Perancangan Pembangunan Sejagat

( Garis Panduan Pembagunan Sejagat JPBD,2001 )

Relationship Between Human and

God
PRINCIPLE
S
JUSTICE

ELEMENT EXPLAINATION
S
FAIR
Demand of housing
fulfill their needs and
income ability
KINDNESS
ACCESSIB Housing areas are
LE
accessible to business
centre and working
places Strategic
location for religous
worship places
TRUST/
SISTEMATI Put into consider
AUTHORITY, C
various aspect such as
POWER TO
local people profile,

PRINCIPL ELEMENTS
ES
UNITY
RELATIONSHI
P/ACCESSIBI
LITY

EDUCATE
D

EXPLAINATION

Housing layout is
accessible to public
places from various
background of
residences.
CIVILISATION Public amenities
and
should be designed to
MADANIYAH educate and develop
NATION
their minds towards
civilization nation as
well as madaniyah
nation ( handphone,

Relationship between Human and

Human
PRINCIPLES

ELEMENTS

EXPLAINATION

HUMAN
RIGHTS

SAFETY

Planning must considered

communitys safety

KINDNESS

COMFORTABL
E AND
PROSPEROUS

Housing layout and design must

consider the elements of house
owners comfortable such as
lighting and ventilation

PRIVACY
Housing design considered
private spaces.
CARING

LOVING

Housing layout and design must

consider the disabled people,
children and elders.

QUALITY
The equipment in housing
scheme should be adequate,
good quality and technology

PRINCIPLE
S

ELEMENTS

EXPLAINATION

NEGOTIATIO PUBLIC
N
PARTICIPATION
AND AGREEMENT

Put into consider public

participation in planning

FRIENDLY

Public spaces for

interaction

INTERACTION

Relationship between human and

environment
PRICIPLES

ELEMENTS

EXPLAINATION

CLEANLINES
S AND
BEAUTY

ENVIRONME
NT

Design greeneries and

landscape area.

PRESERVATI
ON

SENSITIVE
AREA

Sensitive area must be

maintained, preserved and
integrated in planning

EFFICIENCY

VARY

Design various kind of

housing scheme for public to
choose base on their financial
abilities

What are the agencies that

contribute in site planning?
JPBD
Local Authorities
Pejabat Tanah dan Daerah
Dept of Public Works
Dept of Environment
Dept of Health
JUPEM
Telekom Malaysia Berhad
Tenaga National Berhad

continued

Jab Bomba dan Penyelamat

Jab Pengairan dan Saliran
Jabatan Bekalan Air

(etc)