EMBRIOLOGI ORGAN

PENCERNAAN

ANATOMI
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS ABULYATAMA

Lapisan
Germinal

Organ yang dibentuk

Sel folikulair dari Kel Tiroid
Sel-sel epitel kandung kemih,
vagina,saluran uretra wanita dan
sebagian besar saluran uretra pria
Epitel-epitel dari Kelenjar yang terdapat
pada trachea,bronchus, paru
Epitel dari Gastrointestinal

ENDODERM

Epitel dari hati dan kandung empedu

Sel asiner, sel islet dan epitel dari saluran
pankreas
Epitel dari Tuba Auditory dan rongga
telinga tengah
Epitel dari 1/3 belakang lidah, dasar
mulut, palatum glossum, lipatan dari
palatumpharyngeal, dan kel

Sagittal sections through embryos at various stages of development

demonstrating the effect of cephalocaudal and lateral folding on the
position of the endoderm-lined cavity. Note formation of the foregut,
midgut, and hindgut. A. Presomite embryo. B. Embryo with 7 somites. C.

PERKEMBANGAN SISTEM
PENCERNAAN
Tractus Digestivus
terbentuk dari
Tonjolan kantung
kunir (yolk Sac)
yang terdiri dari
foregut, mid gut
dan hind gut

Bagian

Foregut

Midgut

Vaskularisasi

Organ yang
dibentuk

A. Celiaca

Pharynx, Lower
Respiratory
system,Esophagus,Duode
num proksimal, Stomach,
Hati, Pankreas,Kandung
empedu

A. Mesenteri
Superior

Small Intestine,
Duodenum distal,
Caecum, Appendix, Colon
ascendens, sebagian
besar dari Colon
transversum
Sebagian kecil Colon
transversum, Colon
descendens, Colon

Diagrams of the mid- and hindgut regions. The morphogen sonic

hedgehog (SHH) is secreted by gut endoderm and induces a nested
expression of HOX genes in surrounding mesoderm. HOX expression then
initiates a cascade of genes that instruct gut endoderm to differentiate
into its regional identities. Signaling between the two tissues is an

Transverse sections through embryos at various stages of

development.
A. The intraembryonic cavity, bordered by splanchnic and somatic
layers of lateral plate mesoderm, is in open communication with
the extraembryonic cavity. B. The intraembryonic cavity is losing its
wide connection with the extraembryonic cavity. C. At the end of
the fourth week splanchnic mesoderm layers are fused in the
midline and form a double-layered membrane (dorsal mesentery)

Primitive dorsal and ventral mesenteries. The liver is connected to

the ventral abdominal wall and to the stomach by the falciform
ligament and lesser omentum, respectively. The superior
mesenteric artery runs through the mesentery proper and
continues toward the yolk sac as the vitelline artery.

Successive stages in development of the respiratory

diverticulum and esophagus through partitioning of the foregut.
A. At the end of the third week (lateral view). B and C. During
the fourth week (ventral view).

Variations of esophageal atresia and/or

tracheoesophageal fistula in order of their frequency
of appearance: A, 90%; B, 4%; C, 4%; D, 1%; and E,

A, B, and C.
Rotation of
the stomach
along its
longitudinal
axis as seen
anteriorly. D
and E.
Rotation of
the stomach
around the
anteroposteri
or axis. Note
the
change in
position of the
pylorus and
cardia.

MIDGUT COMMON
ABNORMALITIES

Remnants of the vitelline duct. A. Meckels, or ileal,

diverticulum combined with fibrous cord (vitelline
ligament). B. Vitelline cyst attached to the umbilicus
and wall of the ileum by vitelline ligaments. C. Vitelline
fistula connecting the lumen of the ileum with the
umbilicus.

A. Omphalocele
showing failure of
the intestinal loops
to return to the
body cavity after
physiological
herniation. The
herniated loops are
covered by amnion.
B. Omphalocele in a
newborn. C.
Newborn with
gastroschisis. Loops
of bowel return
to the body cavity
but herniate again
through the body
wall, usually to the
right of the
umbilicus in the
region of the
regressing right
umbilical vein.
Unlike omphalocele,

HINDGUT

TERIMA KASIH