MOTION

Is defined as the displacement of an object in

relation to object that are considered
stationary

Rectilinear motion
Bodies moving along a straight line

Mechanics-deals with motion of objects and

the forces that changes it.

Kinematics-motion of objects without explicit
reference to any forces
Dynamics-deals with forces and their effect on
motion

Distance-total path length traverse in moving

frome one location or point to another

Displacement-change of position in a
particular direction
Speed-is a magnitude of velocity
Velocity-a vector quantity whose magnitude is
equal to speed and which has direction
associated with speed
Acceleration time rate of change of velocity,
it could be a positive or a negative
(deceleration)

Steps to follow in problem solving

1. Examine the problem to determine which physical
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

principles are involved

Identify exactly what is asked for in the problem
(identify the unknown)
Make a list of what is given or what can be inferred
from the problem
Solve the appropriate equation or equations
algebraically for the quantity needed
Substitute the given and inferred information into
appropriate equation(s) together with the units
Check the answer to see if it is reasonable: does it
make sense

Velocity
S
V
t

Displacement
time

s
V
t

meter
sec

Consider the case of the commuter driving

6.0 Km due east to work. Calculate the

average velocity per kilometers per hour if it
takes him 15 min to drive to work.
Given:
s = 6.0 Km. eastV 60Km .40 Km
15 min
min
t =15 min
.40

Km 60 min
Km
x
24
east
min
hr.
hr

Acceleration
m
m m
s

s s.s s 2

v
a
t

Calculate the acceleration of a car that

changes its velocity from zero to 90.0 km/hr

due west
Kmin 15 sec.
90

Km
hr
a
west 6.0
west
15sec
hr s

Km
1hr
1000m
m
6.0
x
x
1.67 2 west
hr s 3600sec 1Km
sec

Other equations
v v f vi

v vi at

s s

1 2
s vot at
2
2
2
v f v i 2as

t t
vi v f
s vt
t
2

m
g a 9.8 2 for free falling bodies
sec

How long will it take a runner to run 1500 m if

the runner can maintain an average speed of

5.4 m/sec
Given:
Distance/s= 1500 m
Speed/v= 5.4 m/sec
Unknown = t

1500m
t
278sec
5.4m / sec

m
A sprinter is able to produce an acceleration 2
sec

of 8.0
for the first 0.75 sec of a race. Calculate the
velocity of the sprinter at the end of the end of
v f vi at
first m0.75 sec.
vf ?
a 8
m
Given:
sec
v f 0 8.0
0.75sec
2

t 0.75sec
vi 0 sin ce at rest

sec 2

v f 6.0

m
sec

Now suppose the sprinter continues to run at

6.0 m/sec until the end of the race. After

m
crossing the finish line the sprinter 2
sec
decelerates at 2
. How long will it take her
to stop?
v f vi at
at

vi v f

m
sec
t
m
2.0 2
sec
06

t 3.0sec

How far does the sprinter travel while

1
s 18.0m 9m
s vstopping?
ti at 2
2

s6

m
1
m
3sec 2.0 2 32 sec 2
sec
2
sec

s 9m

Free falling bodies

Is used for objects under the influence of

gravity, whether they are moving upward or

downward
Freefall-any object that has no forces other
than gravity acting on it is said to be free fall
whether it is moving upward or downward, or
in any direction.

A rock is thrown straight up in an initial speed

of 10 m/sec, (a) What distance does the rock

rise above its point of release? (b) How long
does it take the rock to reach its highest
point?
2
Given:
v

v
m
f
i 2as
vi 10

sec

a g 9.8

m
sec 2

0 v 2i 2as

vf 0

m2
100 2
v 2i
sec
s

m
m
2(9.8 2 ) 2(9.8 2 )
sec
sec
s 5.10m

b. v f vi at
m
vi
sec
t

m
m
9.8 2 9.8 2
sec
sec
t 1.02sec
10

A rock is dropped into a 60.0 m deep well. (a)

Neglecting air resistance, how long will it take

the rock to reach the bottom? (b) Calculate the
position of the rock 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 sec after
its release
s Given:
60m

a g 9.8

m
sec 2

t=?

1
s vi t at 2
2
2s 0 at 2

2s
2( 60m)

3.5sec
m
a
9.8 2
sec

A cheetah can reach a final speed of 33 m/sec

from rest in 7.5 sec. calculate the average

acceleration of the cheetah.
A F1 car completes a 600 km race in exactly 2
hrs and 55 mins. What is the average speed of
the car in kilometers per hour and meters per
second?
How far a man can travel from a standing start
if it accelerates at 6.3 m/sec2 for 11.3 sec.
How long will take a blood to cover a distance
of 1.45 meters of blood vessel if accelerates
from rest at a rate of 0.3 m/sec2?