ENGLISH

COMPOSITION I

DUAL DEGREE
PROGRAM

WEEK 10

THERE ARE MANY KINDS OF DEPENDENT

CLAUSES, BUT WE WANT TO SPECIFICALLY
TALK ABOUT ONE TYPE OF DEPENDENT
CLAUSE,

INTRODUCTION

I have a friend.

adjective + noun
terrific
friend.

11-10 CPITALIZATION

(a) I have a

adjective + noun
(b) I have a thoughtful friend.

An ADJECTIVE modifies or describes a noun or

pronoun.

I have a friend.

noun + adjective clause

(c) I have a friend who is always cheerful.
11-10 CPITALIZATION

noun + adjective clause

(d) I have a friend who is a doctor.
11-10 CPITALIZATION

noun + adjective clause

(e) I have a friend who lives next door.
11-10 CPITALIZATION

WHAT IS AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE?

AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
is a dependent clause that describes, identifies, modifies or
gives further information about nouns and pronouns.
begins with the words who, whom, which, and that, among
others. These words are called relative pronouns.
is also called a relative clause.
joined to an independent clause makes a complex
sentence.
is very useful in writing definitions, as they give more
information about a noun.
can be necessary or extra information.

PRACTICAL TASK: ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

WITH SUBJECT PRONOUNS

GAME:
TABOO
Describe the pictures that follow without
using the words on the screen.
If you do say any of the words, you lose a
point.

PRACTICAL TASK: ADJECTIVE CLAUSES WITH

OBJECT PRONOUNS

SUBORDINATORS
Time
Reason
Place

TASK: Underline the dependent clauses and circle the

subordinators. Also, add commas where necessary.

1. Astronauts must exercise on special machines while they

are orbiting Earth in their spacecraft.
2. When the first Russian cosmonauts exited their
spacecraft they had to be carried because they could not
walk.
3. As soon as the teacher told them to stop writing they put
down their pens.
4. Before she left she promised to post their scores where
students could view them.
5. Since noise can change the heart rate and increase blood
pressure it is harmful to the body.
6. Loud noise is especially harmful as it damages the ear

TASK: Underline the dependent clauses and circle the

subordinators. Also, add commas where necessary.

1. Astronauts must exercise on special machines while they

are orbiting Earth in their spacecraft.
2. When the first Russian cosmonauts exited their
spacecraft, they had to be carried because they could
not walk.
3. As soon as the teacher told them to stop writing , they
putdown their pens.
4. Before she left, she promised to post their scores where
students could view them.
5. Since noise can change the heart rate and increase blood
pressure, it is harmful to the body.

UNITY
Review
Every sentence, not
some, relates to the
Topic Sentence.

UNITY
Every sentence, not some, relates to the
Topic Sentence.
IN OTHER WORDS:
A paragraph is unified when all the sentences support a
single idea.
The paragraph must have one controlling idea in the
topic sentence. Otherwise the paragraph loses focus.
The supporting sentences must support or explain the
controlling idea with examples, details, steps, or
definitions. Otherwise, the paragraph will not be about
one single idea.
The concluding sentence should restate the idea in the
topic sentence. Otherwise the main idea might will not
be clear.

UNITY
TASK 1

Read the paragraph below and find the sentence that destroys unity.

The disappearance of Amelia Earhart remains a mystery.

Earhart, who was the first woman pilot to fly across the
Atlantic Ocean, crashed into the Pacific Ocean while
attempting to fly around the world. She was born in Atchison,
Kansas, in 1897. Some researchers believe that she survived
the crash into the Pacific, because radio distress calls were
received. An intensive search for the source of the signals
was made. Searchers were not able to find her, however.
Finally, the distress signals ceased. In spite of continued
searches by airplane and ship, no clue about what became of
Amelia Earhart has yet been found.

UNITY
The disappearance of Amealia Earhart remains a mystery.
Earhart, who was the first woman pilot to fly across the
Atlantic Ocean, crashed into the Pacific Ocean while
attempting to fly around the world. She was born in
Atchison, Kansas, in 1897. Some researchers believe that
she survived the crash into the Pacific, because radio
distress calls were received. An intensive search for the
source of the signals was made. Searchers were not able to
find her, however. Finally, the distress signals ceased. In spite
of continued searches by airplane and ship, no clue about
what became of Amelia Earhart has yet been found.

UNITY
TASK 2a

Read the following paragraph and determine whether or not it is

unified. Give reasons for your answer.

(1) My father is very strict with his children, especially me.

(2) He will not let me out of the house unless I have done all
my homework. (3) Frankly speaking, I do not care whether I
go to school or not. (4) School is such a waste of time. (5) My
mother does not agree with my father. (6) They quarrel a lot.
(7) Sometimes I wish they would get a divorce, but then I
would not know who to live with, because I love them both.

UNITY
COMMENT
The previous paragraph lacks unity because it jumps from
idea to idea. In the first sentence, the writer tells the reader
about his fathers strictness. This sentence is supported by
sentence (2). Sentence (3) concerns the writer: he does not
care whether he goes to school or not, which is supported
by sentence (4). Another idea is stated in sentence (5) and
supported by sentences (6) and (7).

UNITY
TASK 3

Edit the following paragraph for unity.

(1) My father is very strict with his children, especially me.

(2) He will not let me out of the house unless I have done all
my homework. (3) Frankly speaking, I do not care whether I
go to school or not. (4) School is such a waste of time. (5) My
mother does not agree with my father. (6) They quarrel a lot.
(7) Sometimes I wish they would get a divorce, but then I
would not know who to live with, because I love them both.

Making first contact

Recognize key features of business emails.

Make first contact in business writing.
Build a business relationship through and exchange of emails.
Review fragments, comma splices and coherence in a text.

In pairs, discuss the following questions:

1. What do you think the quote means?
2. How important is it to create a good impression
the first time you write a business letter to
someone?

Change pairs and discuss the following:

How important are the following points when you write to
someone for the first time?
1. The email or letter should be polite and friendly.
2. Language should be formal and use the persons title
(e.g. Mr.)
3. Spelling or gramar mistakes should be avoided.
4. The email should include lots of questions to show
your interest in the person you are corresponding with.
5. The email should have a clear subject line so that the
person knows what it is about before opening it.

Language Focus: Making the first

contact
Look at the email sent by a buyer of LCD
monitors for the Scandinavian market and a
seller in Asia. Complete the email with the
following sentences and phrases.

3
1
5

4
6
2

 When you make the first contact with

someone, there are different ways you can
begin your email or letter. In the email you
have just seen, Ole Nordstrom refers to
meeting Mr. Zhang in person at a trade
show.
If you havent met somebody before, you
can also begin by:
1. Introducing yourself.
2. Referring to someone you both know.
3. Saying who recommended you contact
the person you are writing to.

Language Focus: Building a

Business Relationship
Look at the response from the seller in Asia
to the Scandinavian buyer after speaking to
him on the phone.
How should Mr. Zhang improve his email?

From: Zhang Xiaopeng

To: Nordstrom, Ole
He should try and sound friendlier
Sent: 3 November 10:43
and more interested in the person
he is writing to.
Dear Mr. Nordstrom,
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Since we already have distributors in Finland, Norway, and the Baltic countries
for our LCD monitor, the areas we can grant you are Denmark, Sweden, and
the south of England only. Concerning the delivery, as per my explanation on
the pone, most of our CCTV LCD monitors are selling under the OEM brand
with exclusivity. We can take the order now and deliver it in January.
If you want to test our samples, we can send our OEM models to you.
The draft agreement and relevant documents will be forwarded to you by my
European Sales Representative Ms. Sylvia Yeh. I will ask her to contact you
for relevant business.
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Zhang Xiaopeng

2. The sentences below were used to make

the email in exercise 1 sound more friendly.
Choose a sentences (a-d) to complete the
gaps.

From: Zhang Xiaopeng

To: Nordstrom, Ole
Sent: 3 November 10:43
Dear Mr. Nordstrom,
1.____________________________________________________________
d
_2.___________________________________________________________
a
_
Since we already have distributors in Finland, Norway, and the Baltic countries
for our LCD monitor, the areas we can grant you are Denmark, Sweden, and
the south of England only. Concerning the delivery, as per my explanation on
the pone, most of our CCTV LCD monitors are selling under the OEM brand
with exclusivity. We can take the order now and deliver it in January.
If you want to test our samples, we can send our OEM models to you.
The draft agreement and relevant documents will be forwarded to you by my
European Sales Representative Ms. Sylvia Yeh. I will ask her to contact you
for relevant business.
c
3.____________________________________________________________
b
_4.___________________________________________________________
__
Best regards,

Discuss