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ELECTIVE II)
PREPARED BY:
A. CUEVAS
J. CHUA
A. MAMING
UTI
CKD
secondary to diabetes and hypertensive
Pleural effusion and ascites secondary to hypoalbumin secondary
to CKD/liver-
pathology
DM type II uncontrolled
Personal Data
Name: Pt. S
Gender: M
Age: 76 yrs old
Birthday: August 27, 1933
Birthplace: Panabo City
Nationality: Filipino
Address: 7091 Liceralde Subdivision, Panabo City
Religion: Jehovas Witnesses
Education Level: High School Graduate
Occupation: Farmer and Photographer
No. of Dependents and Siblings: Seven siblings
Marital Status: Married
Clinical Data
secondary to CKD/liver-
pathology
DM type II uncontrolled
Present History
Definition of Diagnosis
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Secondary to Diabetes &
Hypertensive Nephropathy
Pleural Effusion & Ascites Secondary to Hypoalbuminemia
Secondary to CKD/ Liver Pathology
Diabetes mellitus (DM) Type 2 Uncontrolled
Urinary Tract Infection
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD)
CKD is a progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function that develops over days to
years. Aggressive management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and avoidance of
nephrotoxic agents may slow progression of CKD; however loss of glomerular filtration
is irreversible and can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESDR).
CKD is a term that describes kidney damage or a decrease in glomerular filtration rate
for 3 or more months. Untreated CKD can result in end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
and necessitate renal replacement therapy.
Type 2 DM has 2 main problems and these are insulin resistance and
impaired insulin secretion. Insulin resistance refers to decreased tissue
sensitivity to insulin. Normally, insulin binds to special receptors on cell
surfaces and initiates a series of reactions involved in glucose
metabolism. But, in type 2 DM, these intracellular reactions are
diminished, making insulin less effective at stimulating glucose uptake
by the tissues and at regulating glucose release by the liver.
URINARY TRACT INFECTION (UTI)
Atherosclerotic Aorta
Increased Leukocytes
Increased Neutrophils
Also indicates infection. Neutrophils are avid phagocytes at sites of acute infection.
o Decreased Lymphocytes
Increased Monocytes
-Indicates chronic infection. Monocytes are active phagocytes that become
macrophages in the tissues. They are called the long-term clean-up team.
Decreased Hematocrit
-Hemodilution or there is decreased concentration
of RBC in the blood. Plasma volume is increased
because of fluid shifting.
High Platelet
Results:
Creatinine 389.0
Normal: 53-115
Interpretation:
Increased creatinine levels in the blood suggest diseases or conditions that
Some signsand
symptomsof kidney dysfunction include:
*MA. C