COMPUTER

PROGRAMMING
Subject Code : BCT 1113
Lecture 01

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
Unit 1 Problem Solving
Syllabus

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
Objecti
ves
3
Understand the basics of
2 computing
Understand Characteristics of

1 computer

Understand functional parts of computers

 Computer

Comes from the word compute

Compute means to calculate
So Computer is calculating device
Perform calculations at enormous speed
Computer is device that operates upon Data or
Information
e.g. preparing results, calculations, transactions,
scientific work etc

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan 4

Zakaria
 Computer

Computer can input Data

Computer can process Data
Computer can store Data
Computer can retrieve Data

Finally
Computer can be termed as Data Processor

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan 5

Zakaria
Characteristics of Computer

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
Characteristics of Computer
1. Speed
2. Accuracy
3. Diligence
4. Versatility
5. Power of remembering
6. No I.Q
7. No Feelings

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
 ...Characteristics of Computer...

Speed...
Fast device

Work done as anormous speed as compare

to human beings

Speed of Computer is meaured in term

microseconds,nanoseconds,and ever

picoseconds

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...

Accuracy...
Work with the higgest

Accuracy

Accuracy depends upon the

"Design of Computer"

Human Errors are like wrong

command, inaccurate data

input etc

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...

Diligence...
Free from "monotony"

Free from "Tiredness"

Free from Lack of

"Consentration"

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...

Versatility...
Can perform all kind of job

simultaneously

Can do diverse nature of

works like

calculations,graphics

work,searching etc at the

same time

Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan

Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...

Power of Remembering...
Unlike human being Computer can store huge amount of data

Doesn't differentiate "Important" & "Not Important"

Loss or Deletion of data is done by User

...Characteristics of Computer...

No IQ...
Not a thinking machine

Not Intelligent

Never does a task as it own

Follow human Instuctions

...Characteristics of Computer...

No Feeling...
Follow Human Instructions

Never decides at its own will

No taste

No emotions

No knowledge
 Memory Unit

Register
Output
Input Unit
Unit

Control
ALU
Unit

Fig. Block Diagram of Computer System

Input Unit

Computers need to receive data and instruction in order to

solve any problem.
Accept the data and instructions from the outside world.
Convert it to a form that the computer can understand.
Supply the converted data to the computer system for further
processing.
Keyboard is the one of the most commonly used input device.
Example:
mouse, Scanner, Light Pen, Joystick, Touch Screen etc.
 Storage Unit.

The storage unit of the computer holds data and

instructions that are entered through the input unit, before
they are processed.
It stores the intermediate and final results before these
are sent to the output devices.
It also saves the data for the later use.
The various storage devices of a computer system are
divided into two categories.
Storage Unit.
1. Primary Storage:
Stores and provides very fast.
The primary memory is temporary in nature. The data is
lost, when the computer is switched off.
Ex.RAM.
2. Secondary Storage:
Secondary storage is used like an archive.
It stores several programs, documents, data bases etc.
Some of the commonly used secondary memory
devices are Hard disk, CD, etc.,
Output Unit

The output unit of a computer provides the information and

results of a computation to outside world.
Ex. Printers, Visual Display Unit (VDU) are the commonly
used output devices.
Other commonly used output devices are Monitor,
Speaker, Plotter.
Central Processing Unit

The control unit and ALU of the computer are together

known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
The CPU is like brain performs the following functions:
It performs all calculations.
It takes all decisions.
It controls all units of the computer.
CPU can be divided in to
following

Arithmetic Logical Unit:

The Arithmetic unit can perform basic arithmetic
operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, etc
And Logical unit can perform basic operations viz, >, <, =,
etc..
Continue..
Control Unit:
It controls all other units in the computer.
It fetches the instruction from memory which is to be Executed
It instructs the input unit, where to store the data after receiving
it from the user.
It controls the flow of data and instructions from the storage unit
to ALU.
It also controls the flow of results from the ALU to the storage
unit.
The control unit is generally referred as the central nervous
system of the computer that control and synchronizes its
working.
Question Bank

1.Differentiate data & information.

2.Explain the Characteristics of computer.
3.Define computer.
4.Define i) Software ii) Program iii) ALU
iv) Compiler v) Hardware
1.Explain the working of computer.
2.Explain organization of computers.