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2003 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
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Business English at Work PP 3-1a
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Development
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Recognize direct objects, indirect objects, and other
complements. Objectives
Identify normal and inverted sentence order patterns.
Differentiate between phrases and clauses.
Identify simple, compound, complex, and compound-
complex sentences.
A Sentence
A sentence consists of words correctly arranged
to form a complete statement or idea.
A sentence
begins with a capital letter.
ends with an ending mark of punctuation.
Predicate
Verb (action or to be form)
Tells what the subject is doing or what the subject is
Simple Subject
The simple subject is the main word of the
subject.
Compound Subject
The compound subject is two or more main
words in a subject.
Hudson Communications and Cellular Depot
share an office building in the Redwood Business
Park.
Evening hours and free parking interest customers.
Focus groups, phone messages, and postal card
responses are all ways to obtain user opinions.
Complete Subject
The complete subject consists of the simple or
compound subject plus any of its modifiers.
Most customers comment on our window
displays.
Sales brochures describe our products.
Free upgrades and extra bonus miles
attract some travelers.
Simple Predicate
The simple predicate is a single verb or verb
phrase.
Tim speaks softly.
I take inventory once a week.
Our store hours are convenient.
We have advertised our sale in the local
newspaper.
Compound Predicate
The compound predicate is two or more verbs.
I researched our orders and designed our latest
sales brochure.
Our accountant and the sales manager analyzed
our sales and recommended new pricing of
products.
Other companies have visited our call center
and ordered similar telephone headsets.
Business English at Work PP 3-10
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Complete Predicate
The complete predicate consists of the simple
or compound predicate plus all modifiers that
limit or describe the verbs.
This short survey asks for your opinions about our
customer service.
Our company has an extensive video training
library.
The reports on this Website review a wide range of
customer service issues.
Business English at Work PP 3-11
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Development
A Direct Object
Can be a noun or pronoun.
Completes the verb by answering the
questions whom? or what? after the verb.
Glenda plans seminars for our company.
Service companies need outstanding delivery
records.
My supervisor praised me for resolving the
problem.
Business English at Work PP 3-12
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Development
An Indirect Object
Can be a noun or pronoun.
Answers the questions to whom? or for
whom?
Usually precedes the direct object.
Usually follows verb forms such as give,
offer, wish, ship, make, refuse, present, or
send.
A Subject Complement
Is a predicate noun or predicate pronoun that
follows a linking verb (am, are, is was, were).
Renames the subject.
Richard Herrera is a customer service
representative.
We are the best sales team.
A Predicate Complement
Is a predicate adjective that follows a linking
verb (am, are, is, was, were).
Modifies (describes) the subject.
Billboard advertising is expensive.
Customers are a companys most
important asset.
Sentence Order
Normal Order
The subject appears first and the predicate
follows.
Jerry responded.
Your companys competitors hired several young
salespeople.
I received the sales totals.
We wish you success.
The training video is free.
Business English at Work PP 3-16a
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Sentence Order
Inverted Order
The predicate or part of the predicate is before
the subject.
There are many compliments about our customer service.
Here is the latest inventory report.
Should we offer discounts to attract customers?
How much will a customer satisfaction survey cost?
On the Website are the details about our shipping policies.
Phrase
A phrase is a sequence of words which has
neither a subject nor a predicate.
Prepositional phrase: Begins with a preposition such as
of, in, at, and for and ends with a noun or pronoun. Does
not include a verb.
in our call center at our warehouse
Infinitive phrase: Begins with to and includes a verb form.
to offer a compromise to request a refund
Business English at Work PP 3-17
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Development
Clause
A clause is a sequence of words with both a subject
and a predicate.
Independent clause: Is a complete sentence and can
stand alone.
We send a confirmation e-mail for each online order.
Sentence Formations
Simple sentences
Compound sentences
Complex sentences
Compound-complex sentences
Simple Sentence
A simple sentence is one independent clause
in a subject-verb pattern.
We cancelled the order last week.
Rachel and I purchased a subscription to Advertising Age.
Our customers shop online and refer others to our Website.
The human relations specialist and my manager
recommended less phone work and offered me another
position.
Compound Sentence
A compound sentence is two independent
clauses connected by a coordinating
conjunction.
Many of our customers are self-employed,
and they purchase items for themselves.
Limited quantities of this product are available,
but we will ship your order next week.
Complex Sentence
A complex sentence consists of an independent
clause and a dependent clause.
When a product is listed as out of stock, your
order will be filled as soon as possible.
If your order cannot be shipped within 30 days,
we will cancel the order.
Because I arrived late for the sale, I could not find
the items that I wanted.
Business English at Work PP 3-22
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Compound-Complex Sentence
A compound-complex sentence consists of
more than one independent clause and one or
more dependent clauses.
If your order has not been shipped within 30 days, we
will notify you of this delay by e-mail, and you will
have the option to cancel your order.
When you receive a promotional code, enter it on
your order, but only one promotional code may be
used for each order.
Business English at Work PP 3-23