EXERCISE 4: TISSUES

EPITHELIAL TISSUES

- lines, covers and makes up glandular

tissues
- exhibits cellularity
- avascular
Functions:
1.Protection
2.Absorption
3.Filtration
4.Secretion
 EPITHELIAL TISSUES
CLASSIFICATION:
 SIMPLE EPITHELIAL TISSUES

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

 Simple Squamous
epithelium
Prevention of abrasion between
organs
Secretion
Absorpton
 Locations

Linings of blood and lymphatic vessels

Heart and alveoli
Serous membranes
Filtration membranes of kidneys
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
 Locations

Kidney tubules,
glands and their
ducts
Choroid plexus
of the brain
Terminal
bronchioles of
lungs
Surface of
ovaries
SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
 Produce and secrete substances
Absorb digested food
Movement of substances (cilia)
 LOCATIONS

Linings of
intestines, glands,
and ducts
Auditory tube,
uterus, uterine
tube
PSUEDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED EPITHELIUM

Absorption
 LOCATIONS

Nasal cavity, nasal

sinuses
Pharynx, trachea,
bronchi
 STRATIFIED EPITHELIAL TISSUES

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

 Protect against abrasion
Barrier against infection
Prevent water loss
 STRATIFIED EPITHELIAL TISSUES

STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL AND

COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
- rare type
- found only in ducts and large
glands
TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
 CONNECTIVE TISSUE

- most abundant primary tissue in the body

Functions:
1.Connect and bind body parts
2.Protect organs
3.Provide frameworks for movement of muscles
4.Serve as insulator
5.Act as liquid medium for transport of
substances
 Extracellular Matrix -Fluid, gel or
solid plus protein fibers
Ground substance - is an
amorphous gel-like substance
surrounding the cells.
Protein fibers -provide stability
and support
Cells
 Protein Fibers
Collagen fibers: very strong and
flexible
Elastic fibers: smaller stretch and
return to original length
Reticular fibers: provide support
and strength
Found in basement membranes and
organ support
 LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
 DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE

TISSUE
DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Elastic Connective Tissue
 CARTILAGE

- dense, firm but pliable

- avascular
- extracellular matrix is composed of
collagenous and elastic fibers

3 types
1.Hyaline cartilage
2.Elastic cartilage
3.Fibrocartilage
 CARTILAGE

HYALINE CARTILAGE
 CARTILAGE

ELASTIC CARTILAGE
 CARTILAGE

FIBROCARTILAGE
 BONE or OSSEOUS TISSUE

- hardest among connective tissues

- made up of osteocytes
Functions:
1.Provides strength and support
2.Protects internal organs (brain)
3.Attachment sits for muscles and
ligaments
4.Works with skeletal muscle for movement
 BONE or OSSEOUS TISSUE

COMPACT BONE
 BLOOD or VASCULAR TISSUE

- composed of blood cells, fibers

and matrix
MUSCULAR TISSUE
 MUSCULAR TISSUE

- specialized for contraction

- highly vascularized and innervated
- extensible, elastic and contractile

3 types
1.Skeletal muscle
2.Cardiac muscle
3.Smooth muscle
 MUSCULAR TISSUE

SKELETAL MUSCLE
 MUSCULAR TISSUE

CARDIAC MUSCLE
 MUSCULAR TISSUE

SMOOTH MUSCLE
 NERVOUS TISSUE

- found in the brain, spinal cord and nerves

2 cell types:
1.Neurons or nerve cells react to various stimuli
a. Monopolar
b. Bipolar
c. Multipolar

2.Neuroglia
- serve as supporting tissues
- insulate, support and protect neurons
 NERVOUS TISSUE

MONOPOLAR
 NERVOUS TISSUE

BIPOLAR
 NERVOUS TISSUE

MULTIPOLAR