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INTRODUCING OF
ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY
Lecture Contents
Introduction
Reservoir Engineering Aspects in IOR and EOR
Immiscible Flooding (Waterflooding)
Miscible Flooding
Chemical Flooding
Thermal Injection
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR)
Guidelines for Selecting IOR and EOR Methods
Design and Implementation of EOR Method
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Lecture Evaluation
Attending = 10 %
Home Works = 10 %
Presentation = 05 %
Mid Test = 25 %
Final Test = 50 %
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References
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Eng. Rashid Sher Mohd,
M.Sc
INTRODUCTION
HOW IF THE OIL PRODUCTION FROM
THE WELL OR FIELD WAS DECREASES ?
The definition of EOR
NATURAL FLOW
ARTIFICIAL LIFT
SECONDARY TERTIARY
RECOVERY RECOVERY
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Natural or Primary Recovery Drives
Oil
Gravity drainage
Water
Combination drive
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Secondary Recovery
No compositional or
temperature changes take place
in the reservoir except pressure Injector
and displacement
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Enhanced Oil Recovery
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Typical Recovery Factors
Natural or Primary Methods
Heavy oil 5 - 15 %
Light oil: solution gas drive 10 - 25%
water drive, gas cap 20 - 40%
gravity drainage 30 - 45%
Secondary Methods
Waterflood 20 - 45 %
Immiscible Gas flood 15 - 40 %
Incremental
Secondary
Qo, Recovery Incremental
BOPD Tertiary /
EOR
Extrapolated
primary
Extrapolated
secondary
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FACTOR AFFECTING EOR
Reservoir Depth.
Reservoir Heterogeneity.
Remaining Reserves (RR).
Rock Properties.
Fluid Properties.
Reservoir Drive Mechanisms.
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IOR AND EOR MAIN OBJECTIVES
Goal of IOR and EOR processes is to mobilize
remaining oil reserves
Achieved by enhancing oil displacement and
volumetric sweep efficiencies
- Oil displacement efficiency is improved by reducing oil
viscosity (e.g., thermal floods) or by reducing capillary
forces or interfacial tension (e.g., miscible floods)
- Volumetric sweep efficiency is improved by developing
more favorable mobility ratio between injectant and
remaining oil reserves (e.g., chemical floods, WAG
processes)
Important to identify remaining oil reserves and
mechanisms necessary to improve recovery before
implementing IOR and EOR DK - 18 -
EOR IMPLEMENTATION STEPS
RESERVOIR
Type of Rock
Migration Direction Rock Properties Fluid Properties Reservoir Condition Reservoir Oil Cut
Bulk Volume (Vb) Drive Water Cut
Mechanism Remaining
Reserve
Porosity Oil Properties Res. Pressure
Permeability Water Properties Res. Temperature
Saturation
Wettability
Capillary Pressure
Screening Criteria
Laboratory Study
Evaluation
Simulation Study
Monitoring and Full Scale
Pilot Project Evaluation DK - 19 -