Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 18

Global Warming &

Climate Change with


Special Reference to
Bangladesh

Presented by
Md. Rafiqul Islam
Student ID:
1014042439
Md. Fahim Salek
Student ID:
Climate

Climate is the weather condition prevailing in an


area over a long period. It includes patterns of
temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind and
seasons.
It defines the outline of livelihood, water supplies,
agriculture, power and transportation systems, the
natural environment, and even our own culture.
Climate Change

Change in climate means the long-term shift in


weather patterns.
Not every kind of change is desirable. Climate
change is one of them.
Climate has a natural cycle of cold glacial and warm
interglacial periods.
According to experts, Climate change is due
primarily to the human use of fossil fuels, which
releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases
into the air.
Global Warming
Reason and Indication of
Climate Change

Reasons Indication

CO2

GHG

Natur
al

Global Warming
Effects of Climate Change
Effects of Climate Change

Sea Level Rise


Cyclone
Flood and Strom Surge
Salinity
Drought
Effect on Flora and Fauna
Food Security and Migration
Geographical Position of
Bangladesh
Bangladesh is located at the
foot of the highest mountain
range in the world, the
Himalayas, which is also the
highest precipitation zone in
the world. This rainfall is
caused by the influence of
the southwest monsoon.
Cherapunji, highest rainfall
in the world, is located a few
kilometers north east of the
Bangladesh border.
Coastal Zone of Bangladesh

Coastal zone of
Bangladesh
consists of 19
districts.
Out of 147
Upazilas 48 are
exposed to the
sea and are
defined as the
exposed coast.
Cyclone and Storms
Global warming will increase the temperature and
result in greater frequency and intensity of cyclonic
storms.
During 1960 to 2012, 29 severe cyclones hit
Bangladesh.
A tropical cyclone forming in the Bay of Bengal has a
lifetime of one week or longer.
Bangladesh has experienced 220 km/hr or more wind
speed cyclone in 1970, 1991, 1994 1997 and in 2007.
In the year 2007, SIDAR visited the country with 15-20
feet surge height. More than 4000 people died due to
this cyclone.
Cyclone and Storms

Mitigation Measures:

Early Warning System


Cyclone Shelters
Floods

Bangladesh is located at the foot of the highest


mountain range in the world, the Himalayas, which is
also the highest precipitation zone in the world.
In last 25 years, Bangladesh has experienced six
severe floods.
Monsoon, flash, riverine accompanied by rainfall, and
tidal floods are named according to their inherent
causes.
River band erosion is very common during high floods.
This rainfall is caused by the influence of the
southwest monsoon.
Floods
Mitigation Measures:

Early Warning System


Improve O&M of
Embankment
Upgrading of Flood
Protection embankment.
Upgrading of Drainage
System.
Flood Proofing.
Improved Crop and Cropping
System
Rise in Sea Level and
Salinity
About 53 % of the coastal areas were affected by salinity.
An environmental terrible circumstance caused by salinity
intrusion is a major problem in southwestern Bangladesh.
As sea levels rise, saline water will intrude directly into
rivers and streams, advancing not only as a function of
the water level but also according to changes in river
discharge that may result from climate change.
Salinity limits opportunities for supplemental irrigation of
Aus crops in freshwater areas and damages the same
crops by flooding during very high tides.
Salinity is also affecting fresh groundwater. The shallow
coastal aquifers have high salinity.
Drought

Drought is also an outcome of climate vulnerability


which is strongly related to climate change.
Every five years, Bangladesh is affected by the
major country-wide droughts. However, local
droughts occur regularly and affect crop production.
Very strong droughts hit the country in 1961, 1975,
1981, 1982, 1984, 1989, 1994, and 2000.
The associated crop production decline, lower
employment opportunities and losses of assets
contributed to raising household food insecurity.
Migration of People

All of the changes threaten the food security,


livelihoods and health of the poor.
People living on river islands and along the coastline
are among the poorest people in the country. They
not only lose their livelihood but also their land to
erosion.
They tend to migrate to a safer place and most of
the time choose Dhaka city as a better alternative of
accommodation and livelihood.
Migration from these remote and affected area has
worsened the living standard in the cities.
Initiative taken

Many organizations have come forward to help


Bangladesh in this regard.
Multipurpose Disaster Shelter Project, Bangladesh
Weather and Climate Services Regional Project,
Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration
Project, Coastal Embankment Improvement Project
are the projects taken by World Bank. World bank is
working collaborating with BWDB (Bangladesh
Water Development Board) and ministry of
planning.
Netherland Government has also taken a project
named Blue gold project aiming to improve the
scenario. UNDP, EU and several other organizations
Referrences
Khatun, Mahmuda; 2013; Climate Change and Migration in
Bangladesh: Golden Bengal to Land of Disasters; Bangladesh e-
journal of Sociology, Volume 10, November 2.
Pandya, Amit; Michel David; 2010; Coastal Zones and Climate
Change; The Henry L. stimson Center; ISBN: 978-0-9821935-5-6.
Bangldesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan 2009.

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi