The Present

Subjunctive

Page 132 Chapter 3

Realidades 3
 The Subjunctive
Up to now you have been
using verbs in the
indicative mood, which is
used to talk about facts or
actual events.
 The Subjunctive
Aprendo francs para mi
viaje.
(I learn French for my trip.)
 The Subjunctive
Spanish has another way
of using verbs called the
subjunctive mood.
 The Subjunctive
We use it to say what
someone does or doesnt
want, tell, suggest, or
recommend someone else
to do.
 The Subjunctive
A sentence that includes
the subjunctive form has
two parts connected by the
word que.
For example:
 The Subjunctive
Quiero que t respires
lentamente.
I want you to breathe
slowly.
 The Subjunctive
Sugiero que bebas agua
antes de correr.
I suggest that you drink
water before running.
 The Subjunctive
El entrenador exige que los
atletas estiren los msculos.
The trainer demands that the
athletes stretch their
muscles.
 The Subjunctive
You can also suggest more
general or impersonal ideas using
expressions such as es
necesarioes buenoand es
importante, followed by que and
a form of the present subjunctive.
 The Subjunctive
Es necesario que hagas ejercicio.
Its necessary that you do exercise.
Es importante que los jvenes
coman bien.
Its important that the young people
eat well.
 The Subjunctive
Note that the subjunctive
sentences have two parts,
each with a different
subject, connected by the
word que:
 2 Clauses

Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francs

Independent Separated Dependentclause(cant

clause bythe standonitsown)
(standsonits word Beginswiththeword
own) que que.
Subject>Verb
Subjunctive
Indicative Verb
Verb
 The Subjunctive
The first subject uses the present
indicative verb (recommendation,
suggestion, prohibition, and so
on) + que and the second subject
uses the present subjunctive
verb (what should happen).
 The Subjunctive
Verbs that are often followed by
que + subjunctive:
Insistir en Prohibir
Necesitar Querer (e > ie)
Permitir Recomendar (e > ie)
Preferir (e > ie) Sugerir (e > ie)
 The Subjunctive
Thisis how to form the
present subjunctive:
 The Subjunctive
Drop the -o of the present-
tense yo form and add the
subjunctive endings.
 The Subjunctive
For -ar verbs:
e, es, e, emos, is, en
For -er/-ir verbs:
a, as, a, amos, is, an
SALTAR to jump

salte saltemos

saltes saltis

salte salten
 COMER to eat

coma comamos

comas comis

coma coman
 The Subjunctive
Ifthe verb has a boot change
in the yo form, this change
continues in the subjunctive,
and uses the SAME boot
pattern, with SUBJUNCTIVE
endings.
DORMIR to sleep

duerma dormamos

duermas dormis

duerma duerman
 The Subjunctive
Ifthe verb has a spelling
change (to keep a sound) in
the yo form, this change
continues in the subjunctive.
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs

Remember, verbs ending

in car, -gar, and zar
have a spell change in
order to maintain the
original sound.
 CONOCER to know
yo conozco
conozca conozcamos

conozcas conozcis

conozca conozcan
Irregular Subjunctive
Verbs

buscar busco busque

pagar pago pague
cruzar cruzo cruce
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs

If the verb is irregular in

the yo-go form, this form
is also used in the
subjunctive.
DECIR to say/tell
yo digo
diga digamos

digas digis

diga digan
 Irregular Subjunctive
Verbs

hacer hago haga

tener tengo tenga

 Yo-go Subjunctive Verbs

caerse (caigo) poner (pongo)

decir (digo) salir (salgo)
hacer (hago) tener (tengo)
traer (traigo)