PCB Design &

Simulation

Prepared by
Dharmesh Patel
EC Department
Objective

Introduction to OrCAD

Creating a schematic design Using (Capture

CIS )

Simulating a Design

Board design using OrCAD Layout.

 INTRODUCTION
Orcad is a suite of tools from Cadence for the design and layout of
printed circuit boards (PCBs).
We are currently using version 9.2 of the Orcad suite.
www.cadence.com/orcad
Orcad is consist following tool
1.CAPTURE
2.PSpice
3.PCB EDITIOR
1.Capture:-
It is used to drawn a circuit on the screen, known formally as
schematic capture. It offers great flexibility compared with a
traditional pencil and paper drawing, as design changes can be
incorporated and errors corrected quickly and easily.
2.PSpice:-
PSpice simulates the captured circuit. You can analyze its behavior in
many ways and confirm that it performs as specified. (Simulation
Program for Integrated Circuit Engineering)
STEP 1: Create separate folder every design.

schematic for your schematic files.

libraries for symbol and footprint libraries.
board for your board files.

Your directory
structure should
look like the
figure below
Step 2:- Starting a New Schematic Project
Step 3:- Add Libraries and Parts

Now click on the Place

Part tool from the right
toolbar. The following dialog
box appears

This dialog box currently displays only the Design Cache. To use any
of the part from Orcad built-in libraries, you need to add the library in
which the part resides. Click on the Add Library button. Orcad
Capture keeps all of its libraries in the path: C:\Program
Files\Orcad\Capture\Library
 Step 4 :- Schematic Entry
You are now ready to start placing the electrical components for your
design. The circuit that we will be drawing is shown in the beginning of
this tutorial in the hand drawn form. We will need all the parts that are
included in that circuit diagram. Open up the schematic page and click
the Place Part tool on the toolbar on the right side of the screen. Here
you will have to add those libraries, which contain your desired parts. As
a novice designer, you might experience difficulties in finding a
particular part because there are so many libraries and thousands of
parts in each of them. But you can always do away with this difficulty if
you carefully read the library name. The Part Search feature will
certainly be very helpful in these circumstances

WARNING: Before you begin drawing your part or start making

entry in your schematics, make sure that Snap to grid feature
is activated. If it is activated then the Snap to grid button on
the top toolbar will look like this . Otherwise it will turn red
to warn you that this feature is deactivated. If it is deactivated,
it will cause serious difficulties in your schematic entries
Bias point Analysis
Tutorial 1
Tutorial 2
DC Sweep Analysis
SCHEMATIC TUTORIAL
Tutorial 1
 SIMULATION RESULT
D.C SWEEP ANALYSIS
V I Characteristics of PN Junction diode
SCHEMATIC TUTORIAL
Tutorial 2
 SIMULATION RESULT
D.C SWEEP ANALYSIS
V I Characteristics of Transistor (input)
 SIMULATION RESULT
D.C SWEEP ANALYSIS
V I Characteristics of Transistor (input)
 SIMULATION RESULT
D.C SWEEP ANALYSIS
V I Characteristics of Transistor (output)
Transient Analysis(Time
Domain )
Tutorial 1
 SIMULATION RESULT
TRANSIENT( TIME DOMIN ) ANALYSIS
Half wave rectifier
Tutorial 2
 SIMULATION RESULT
TRANSIENT( TIME DOMIN ) ANALYSIS
Amplifier
AC Analysis / (Frequency
Domain )
 Tutorial 1
Circuit diagram of Amplifier
 Tutorial 1
Frequency Response of Amplifier
 Tutorial 2
Circuit diagram of High Pass Filter
 Tutorial 2
Frequency Response of High
Pass Filter
 Tutorial 3
Circuit diagram of LOW Pass Filter
 Tutorial 3
Frequency Response of LOW Pass Filter
LAYOUT
 What is PCB
Printed Circuit Board
Electronic Board that connects circuit
components
PCB populated with electronic components is
a printed circuit assembly (PCA)
Mass manufacturing
Professional
 Types of PCBs
There are mainly three types of PCBs
Single-sided PCB
Double-sided PCB
Multilayer PCB
Computer Aided Design Software-
CAD
Proteus
Eagle
Orcad
Kicad
Altium
Utilboard
 Materials of PCB
Conducting layers are typically made of thin
copper foil.
The board is typically coated with a solder
mask that is green in color. Other colors that
are normally available are blue and red.
Unwanted copper is removed from the
substrate after etching leaving only the desired
copper traces or pathways
 Parts of a PCB
Components
Pads
Traces
Vias
Top Metal Layer
Bottom Metal Layer
 Components
Components are the actual devices used in
the circuit.
This includes input/output connections.
I/O ports, including power supply connections,
are also important in the PCB design.
 Pads
Location that components connect to.
You will solder components to the pads on the
PCB.
Pads will connect to traces.
Pads have an inner diameter and outer
diameter.
 Traces
Traces connect pads together.
Traces are essentially the wiring of the PCB.
Equivalent to wire for conducting signals
Traces sometimes connect to vias.
High current traces should be wide.
Signal traces usually narrower than power or
ground traces
 Vias
Pad with a plated hole connecting traces from
one layer of board to other layers.
Attempt to minimize via use in your PCBs.
Some component leads can be used as vias.
 Top Metal Layer

Most of the components

reside on the top layer
Fewer traces on the top
layer
Components are soldered
to the pads on the top layer
of PCB
Higher circuit densities
 Bottom Metal Layer
Few components on this layer.
Many traces on this layer.
Most soldering done on this layer.
 Jumpers
Often, many signal wires need to exist in too
small of a space and must overlap.
Running traces on different PCB layers is an
option.
Multilayer PCBs are often expensive.
Solution: use jumpers
 Solder Mask
Protect copper traces on outer layers from
corrosion
Areas that shouldn't be soldered may be
covered with polymer resist solder mask
coating
Designed to keep solder only in certain
areas
Prevents solder form binding between
conductors and thereby creating short
circuits
 Silkscreen
Printing on the solder mask to designate
component locations
Readable information about component part
numbers and placement.
Helpful in assembling, testing and servicing
the circuit board.
 Mounting Points
The PCB needs to be mechanically secured to
something.
Could be the chassis-consist of metal frame
on which the circuit boards and other
electronic components are mounted.
Could be another PCB/socket on PCB.
Could be attachments to a heatsink.
 Steps in PCB design
1. Film Generation 2. Shear Raw
Material

Industry standard
3. Drill Holes 0.059" thick,
copper clad, two
sides
 Steps in PCB design
4. Electrolus copper 5. Apply Image

Apply copper in hole barrels Apply Photosensitive Material

to develop selected areas
from panel
Steps in PCB Design
6. Strip and Etch 7. Solder Mask

Remove dryfilm, then Apply solder mask area to

etch exposed copper entire board with the
Tin protects the exception of solder pads
copper circuitry from
being etched
Steps in PCB Design

8. Solder Coat 9. Silkscreen

Apply solder to pads Apply white letter

marking using screen
printing process
5V - REGULATED POWER SUPPLY
SOLDER MASK LAYER SLIKSCREEN
LAYER

DRILL LAYER
THANK
YOU