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1.Importance of Desalting
2.Operating Principles of Desalting
Submitted by:
Inderdip Shere
Suma Shettigar
Suraj Shah
Shraddha Potdukhe
IMPORTANCE OF DESALTING
WHAT IS DESALTING?
Removal of impurities from crude oil.
2. Salts
3. Bottom sediments
4. Trace metals
PROBLEMS DUE TO CONTAMINANTS
Corrosion
Damages refinery tower trays, pumps ,
lines and valves
Scaling in preheat exchangers
Poisoning of catalysts
Excessive down time
MERITS OF DESALTING
Removes contaminants
Prevents corrosion and fouling
Saves energy
Reduces maintenance
Single stage
Double stage
TWO STAGE DESALTER
FLOW DIAGRAM TO At mos Colum n
RAW CRUD E
HOT TRAIN
EXCHANGERS
COLD MIX
TRAIN VALV E
MIX
VALV E
WASH WATER
TO FIRS T STAGE
CRUDE
WASH WATER BRINE WATE R
PUMP EXCHANGE R
MIX TURE
METHODS
Settling
Addition
of chemicals
Electrical
desalting
STEPS:
Heating
Mixing: emulsion
Settling
CHEMICAL ADDITION
The Desalter removes contaminants from crude oil
by first emulsifying the crude oil with chemicals
and wash water to promote thorough contact of
the water and oil.
The salts containing some of the metals that can
Dipole Coalescence
+++ Where:
++
K = Dielectric
+
-
--
---
Force of constant of
+++
++
Attractio oil
+
-
--
---
n E = Voltage
F = K E2 r6/a4 gradient
r = Droplet
radius
SCHEMATIC FLOW DIAGRAM
OF ELECTRICAL DESALTING PROCESS
Desalter
Pressure
water