Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head

and Neck Surgery

Faculty of Medicine - Andalas University
Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang 2014

Basic Science & Anatomy

(Skin, Nose & Ear)

Nur - Chandra
Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
SubDivision
 Skin
Weight of skin is approximately 3.79
kg (Goldsmith), fourth heaviest tissue
after fat, bone, and muscle
Skin changes texture occur with aging
There are individual differences with
regard to these cutaneous differences
Divided into 3 layers: epidermis,
dermis & superficial fascia
Principles of Nasal Reconstruction
Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
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Anatomy Skin

Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
SubDivision
 The Epidermis
Top layer of the skin
Contains four distinct cell types
(keratinocytes 80%, melanocytes,
Langerhans & Merkels cells)
Epidermis is divided into five layers (Basal
cell, stratum germinativum, spinosum,
granulosum, lucidum, corneum

Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surger

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
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 The Dermis
Divided into 2 parts, papillary &
reticular dermis
Cutting across dermis are peripheral
branches of the vascular, nervous
systems & epidermal appendages (i.e.
pilosebaceous, apocrine & eccrine
units)

Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surger

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
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 The Superficial Fascia
This structure is composed fatty
component, fat cells, fibrous
component & fibrous septae
Thickness of the superficial fascia
varies
Because it contains abundant fat,
this layer obviously reflects the
nutritional status of the individual.
Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surger
Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
SubDivision
 Nose
Nose is a highly contoured pyramidal
structure situated centrally on the
face
Functionally, the nose is the gateway
to the respiratory system.
The nose warms, humidifies & filters
the air while allowing inhaled
particles to come into contact with
olfactory epithelium
Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
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Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
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 Nose

Principles of Nasal Reconstruction

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
SubDivision
 Nose

Principles of Nasal Reconstruction

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
SubDivision
 Nose

Principles of Nasal Reconstruction

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
SubDivision
 Nose

Principles of Nasal Reconstruction

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
SubDivision
 Nose

Principles of Nasal Reconstruction

Facial Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery
SubDivision
Ear
Innervation
Auriculotemporal nerve branch of the
7th nerve & lesser occipital nerve
from 2nd cervical root innervate the
second branchial arch structures
(helix, scapha, antihelix, concha,
antitragus, lobule, andexternal
auditory meatus
Great auricular nerve from 3rd
cervical rootsupply the tragus and
helical crus
EAM receives sensory innervation
from a branch of the 9th nerve and
Arnolds nerve, the auricular branch
of the vagus.

Cummings otolaryngology head & neck surgery,

Head and Neck Reconstruction
Ear
Vascular supply external
ear consists of two
communicating
networks stemming from
the posterior auricular
and superficial temporal
arteries, both branches
ECA
Venous drainage is from
the posterior auricular,
superficial temporal and
retromandibular veins
Head and Neck Reconstruction
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