BACK CARE

The backrub is usually administered after

the patients bath. It should be offered to
the patient because it promotes relaxation,
relieves muscular tension, and stimulates
circulation. During the backrub, the
specialist is able to observe the patients
skin.
 Purpose:

1. To improve circulation to the back

2. To refresh the mood and feeling
3. To relieve from fatigue, pain and stress
4. To induce sleep
 Equipments required:
Basin with warm water (2)
Bucket for waste water (1)
Soap with soap dish (1)
Face towel (1)
Sponge cloth (2): 1 for with soap
1 for rinse
Big Towel (2): 1 for covering a mackintosh
1 for covering the body
Mackintosh (1)
Oil/ Lotion/ Powder (1): according to skin condition and favor
Tray (1)
Trolley (1)
Screen
 Procedure
1. Perform hand hygiene
2.Assemble all equipment required
3. Check the client's identification and
condition
4.Explain to the client about the purpose
and the procedure.
5.Put all required equipments to the bed-
side and set up.
 6.Close allwindows and doors, and put the
screen or / and utilize the curtain if there
is.
7. Placing the appropriate position:
1)Move the client near towards you.
2) Turn the client to her/ his side and put
the mackintosh covered by big towel
under the client's body.
8.Expose the client's back fully and observe
it
 9. Lather soap by sponge towel. Wipe with
soap and rinse with plain warm water.
10. Put some lotion or oil into your palm.
Apply the oil or the lotion and massage at
least 3-5 minutes by placing the palms:
1) from sacral region to neck
2)from upper shoulder to the lowest parts
of buttocks
 Movements
Effleurage or Gliding or Stroking
Gliding movement in which the hands
glide with long even strokes over the body
surfaces. Glides are in the direction of the
heart which helps push along the flow of
blood and lymph.
 Petrissage or Kneading or Milking

It generally involves kneading and

compression motions - rolling, squeezing,
or pressing the muscles to enhance
deeper circulation.
 Friction or Rubbing
Deep form of effleurage.
Compression movement performed with
the thumb, fingertips, or the palm of the
hand and in circular motion.
 Tapotement or Percussion
rapid and repeated striking of the body as
a technique in massage.
 11.Help for the client to put on the clothes
and return the client to comfortable
position.
12. Replace all equipment in proper place.
13. Perform hand hygiene.
14. Document on the chart with your
signature, including date, time and the
skin condition.
Report any findings
 EYE CARE

Cleaning the eye using aseptic technique

 Purpose
To clean the eye
To remove the irritating discharges from
the eye
To prepare the eyes for any treatment
To prevent infections
 Articles
A containing
1.Mackintosh and towel
2.A sterile bowl with sterile cotton swabs
3.Sterile normal saline
4.Thumb forceps
5.Kidney tray and paper bag
 Procedure
Explain
Place mackintosh and towel
Arrange articles
Wash hands
Clean the eye from inner canthus to outer
canthus
Replace
Wash hands
Record and report
 Perineal Care
Definition:
Perineal care is cleaning the genitalia and
surrounding area.
 Purpose:
1. To keep cleanliness and prevent from
infection in perineal area
To make him/her comfortable
 Articles
A tray containing
1.clean gloves
2.A bowl with clean cotton swabs
3.Normal saline in a bowl
4.A sterile tray with
Cotton balls in a sterile bowl
A bowl with antiseptic solution (Betadine)
Sterile gloves
Artery and thumb forceps
5. Kidney tray and paper bag
 Procedure -Female
Explain
Provide privacy
Arrange articles
Position the patient
-Lithotomy position
Drape the patient
Hand wash
Wear the gloves
 Clean the area with clean cotton swabs and
normal saline
Remove The gloves
Open the sterile tray
Wear sterile gloves
Spread labias with the thumb and index finger
of non dominant hand
 Clean the areas with cotton swabs soaked
in antiseptic solution
-use artery forceps to hold the cotton and
thumb forceps to squeeze the ball
-Clean from clitoris to anus
-Only one stroke with one swab
Male
 Procedure
With gloved hand pick cotton ball dipped
in normal saline to clean the penis
For un circumcised male retract the
foreskin and clean the tip of the penis at
the urethral meatus in a circular motion
Clean till the base of glans penis
Wear sterile gloves and repeat the
procedure with antiseptic solution
Return the foreskin
 After care
Replace the articles
Wash hands
Record and report
 Nail care
Definition:
Nail cutting that one of nursing care and
general care for personal hygiene is to cut
nails on hands and foot.
 Purpose
1. To keep nails clean
2. To make neatness
3. To prevent the clients skin from
scratching
4. To avoid infection caused by dirty nail
 Articles
Equipment required:
1.Nail Cutter (1)
2. Soap with soap dish (1)
3. Bowl with water & bowl for cotton
4. Sponge cloth (1)
5.Middle towel (1)
6. Basin with warm water
7.Mackintosh (1)
8. Kidney tray (1)
9. Paper bag(1)
 Procedure
1. Perform hand hygiene
2.Gather all the required equipment.
3. Check the clients identification.
4. Explain to the client about the purpose and
the procedure.
5. Put all the required equipment to the bed-
side and set up it.
6.Assist the client to a comfortable upright
position.
 1) Soaking
Put a mackintosh with covering towel on
the bed.
Put the basin with warm water over the
mackintosh.
Soak the clients fingers in a basin of
warm water and mild soap.
Scrub and wash them up.
Dry the clients hands thoroughly by using
the middle towel covering the mackintosh.
 2) Cutting
Trim the clients nails with nail cutters.
Wipe all fingernails from thumb to 5th
nail side by side by wet cotton ball. One
cotton ball is used for one nail
Shape the fingernails with a file,
rounding the corners
 Caring for Toenails
2) Cutting
Cut toenails straight across and do not
round off the corners
Do not shape corners
 Replace equipment and discard rubbish.
Perform hand hygiene.
Hair care
 Definition
Hair washing defines that is one of general
care provided to a client who cannot clean
the hair by himself/
herself.
 Purpose
1. To maintain personal hygiene of the client
2. To increase circulation to the scalp and
hair and promote growing of hair
3. To make him/her feel refreshed