UNDERSTANDIN

HIV
Information is vital

As teenagers, you will be facing

many new decisions in your life

Understanding what can put you at

risk for disease is very important

None of this is meant to scare you remember,

knowledge is very empowering
You can also be an informed educator to others
WHAT
IS
HIV?
HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus

H = Infects only Human beings

I = Immunodeficiency virus weakens
the immune system and increases the
risk of infection
V = Virus that attacks the body

DR. S.K CHATURVEDI

DR. S.K CHATURVEDI
CD4 CELL

T-HELPER
CELL
0r
P0LICE
CELL
What happens during HIV infection?
 Natural History of HIV Infection
Immune suppression
HIV attacks white blood cells,called
CD4 cells, that protect body from
illness
Over time, the bodys ability to fight
common infections is lost
Opportunistic infections occur
DR. S.K CHATURVEDI
Origins of HIV

Likely resulted from

hybridization
(merging) of two simian
(monkey) viruses

HIV moved to humans in

Africa around 1930 or earlier
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
AID
S
AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome
A = Acquired, not inherited
I = Weakens the Immune system
D = Creates a Deficiency of CD4+
cells in the immune system
S = Syndrome, or a group of illnesses
taking place at the same time

DR. S.K CHATURVEDI

 A low immune system can allow
opportunistic infections to invade
your body

This is called AIDS

 True
AIDS is a stage of disease where your
immune (T, CD4, helper) cells drop
below the level of 200 cells per mm
blood (a healthy person has about 800)

and your body cannot fight off simple

infections

Medications today can help people with both HIV and AIDS
live much longer than they used to
 STAGES
0F HIV
INFECTI0N
STAGES of HIV Infection
Virus can be transmitted during each stage

Primary HIV Infecti0n

Infection with HIV, antibodies develop
Asymptomatic
No signs of HIV, immune system controls
virus production
Symptomatic
Physical signs of HIV infection, some
immune suppression
AIDS
Opportunistic infections, end-stage
diseaseDR. S.K CHATURVEDI
 SIGNS AND
SYMPT0MS
 INFECTI0
N
(2 T0 6
WEEEKS)
FEVER
FATIGUE
HEADACH
E
SW0LLEN
LYMPH
N0DES
S0RE
 ASYMPT0MATIC STAGE
(1 M0. T0 5 YEARS)
SYMPT0M
FREE
CAN STILL
PASS THE
VIRUS T0
0THERS
STAGE
(6 T0 11 YEARS)
SW0LLEN GLANDS
IN THE NECK,
ARMPIT, GR0IN
FEELS WEAK &
TIRED
FEVER
WEIGHT L0SS
C0UGH & C0LD
SKIN RASHES
SHINGLES
FUNGAL NAIL
INFECTI0N
M0UTH S0RES
ABD0MINAL PAIN
DIARRHEA
HEADACHE
BLISTERS 0N
SHINGLES
FUNGAL NAIL
INFECTI0N
BLISTERS 0N M0UTH
 AIDS (stage 4)
11 t 12 years
AIDS is a stage of disease where your
immune (T, CD4, helper) cells drop
below the level of 200 cells per mm
blood (a healthy person has about 800)

and your body cannot fight off simple

infections

Medications today can help people with both HIV and AIDS
live much longer than they used to
 Kaposis sarcoma (KS)
Kaposis sarcoma
(shown) is a rare
cancer of the blood
vessels that is
associated with HIV. It
manifests as bluish-
red oval-shaped
patches that may
eventually become
thickened. Lesions
may appear singly or
in clusters.
 Question

Who can be affected by HIV?

 Answer
Anyone!
If they engage in unprotected sex or
share drug use equipment

Any age, any gender, anyone

People close to them are also

affected by this disease
 Can you tell if someone has
HIV?
No. People may look and feel
healthy even though they have
HIV. Many people who have
the virus do not even know it
because they do not have
symptoms for many years.
Ways to transmit HIV
I
Transmission
DR. S.K CHATURVEDI
Transmission of HIV
HIV is not transmitted by
Coughing, sneezing
Insect bites
Touching, hugging
Water, food
Kissing
DR. S.K CHATURVEDI
Public baths
Handshakes
Work or school contact
Using telephones
Sharing cups, glasses,
plates, or other utensils
 OK,
Now that you know how you can
get HIV, how do you think you
could prevent it?
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
 Abstinence (not engaging in sexual activity)
Dont assume everyone has the same definition of
abstinence your partners past behaviors could put
you at risk. Some couples get tested together
(monogamy).
Surf the internet only with your parents OK - use good
judgment and dont put yourself at risk!
Someday, if/when you choose to
engage in sexual activity, educate
yourself in ways to prevent all forms
of STIs and STDs (condoms: male and female)
Avoid drugs and alcohol
When the time comes in your life,
get tested before you have a baby
DIAGN0
1
SIS
Design, organize, and collaborate
Can you tell if someone has
HIV?
No. People may look and feel
healthy even though they have
HIV. Many people who have
the virus do not even know it
because they do not have
symptoms for many years.
HIV TEST IS THE
0NLY WAY T0
KN0W WETHER
THE PERS0N HAS
HIV 0R N0T.
WIND0W PERI0D
TREATME
NT
BAD
NEW
S
N0
CURE
G00D
NEW
S!
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE CAN
PR0L0NG LIFE
ARV (ANTIRETR0VIRAL THERAPY)
TRUVADA
HIV IN THE
PHILIPPINES
 12,701
CASES
Prevalent in (MSM) Men having
sex with men, aged 15 t0 22.
FREQUEN
TLY
ASKED
QUESTI0
NS
 IF I HAVE FRIENDS WITH HIV, CAN I
STILL HANG OUT WITH THEM?
DOES EVERYONE WHO HAS
HIV/AIDS DIE FROM IT?
CAN I GET HIV FROM A
BLOOD TRANSFUSION?
CAN I GET HIV FROM A
HEALTHCARE PROVIDER?
HOW CAN I HELP IN THE
FIGHT AGAINST HIV?
Questions?